Lesson 3.2

Question 1

four major subsystems of earth

Answer 1

Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Geosphere
Biosphere

Question 2

an imaginary
line separates the atmosphere and outer space.

Answer 2

Karman line

Question 3

The most
abundant gas is _, which makes up 78.1% of the atmosphere.

Answer 3

nitrogen​

Question 4

_ gas
comes second at 20.9%,

Answer 4

Oxygen

Question 5

and _, a noble gas, is at 0.9%.

Answer 5

argon

Question 6

Lastly, carbon dioxide
and the rest of the gases combined constitute 0.1%.

Question 7

makes up of all the gases on Earth.

Answer 7

Atmosphere

Question 8

different layers of atmosphere

Answer 8

troposhere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere

Question 9

extends to about 14.5 km above the surface of Earth. It is
the lowest layer where the weather disturbances occur.

(atmos)

Answer 9

troposphere

Question 10

is found 14.5 to 50 km above Earth’s surface. The ozone
layer that protects Earth from the sun’s harmful UV radiation is part of this layer

(atmos)

Answer 10

stratosphere

Question 11

extends from 50 to 85 km above Earth’s surface. It protects
Earth from the impact of space debris. The coldest temperatures on Earth, at
-90°C are found near the top of this layer.

(atmos)

Answer 11

mesosphere

Question 12

is found 85 to 600 km above Earth’s surface. It has
charged particles that are affected by Earth’s magnetic field. The particles
create the Auroras or Northern and Southern lights. Many satellites also orbit
Earth in this layer.

(atmos)

Answer 12

thermosphere

Question 13

is the outermost layer. It extends to about 10 000 km above
Earth’s surface, though there is no clear boundary where the exosphere ends
and space begins.

(atmos)

Answer 13

exosphere

Question 14

three layers of geosphere

Answer 14

crust
mantle
core

Question 15

outermost layer of the geosphere. It is made mostly of silicate
materials

Answer 15

crust

Question 16

two types of crust

Answer 16

oceanic and continental

Question 17

lies beneath the oceanic floors which is about 5 to 10 km
thick

(crust)

Answer 17

oceanic crust

Question 18

the thicker continental crust makes up the continents and
is about 15 to 70 km thick

(crust)

Answer 18

continental crusts

Question 19

boundary between the crust and mantle

Answer 19

Mohorovicic discontinuity or Moho

Question 20

The boundary between the crust and mantle is known as
the Mohorovicic discontinuity or Moho. This was named after the Croatian
scientist, Andrija Mohorovicic.

Question 21

a 2 900 km thick layer below the crust that is mostly made up of
silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron. _’s temperature increases with its
depth. The layer directly below the crust has the lowest temperature and soft
enough to allow plates of the crust to move. On the other hand, the layer with the
highest temperature is found in contact with the heat-producing core.

Answer 21

mantle

Question 22

layers of mantle

Answer 22

upper
lower

Question 23

The uppermost mantle is cold and brittle, and together
with the crust forms the _

the hard rigid outermost layer of Earth.

Answer 23

lithosphere

Question 24

The uppermost mantle is cold and brittle, and together
with the crust forms the lithosphere​, the hard rigid outermost layer of Earth. It is broken up into _ _

Answer 24

tectonic plates

Question 25

is the layer directly beneath
the lithosphere is hot enough to flow and minimally melt, allowing the lithospheric
or tectonic plates above to move.

Answer 25

asthenosphere

Question 26

2 upper mantle

Answer 26

lithosphere
athenosphere

Question 27

which has a radius of 3 480 km, is the innermost layer of Earth. It is made
up of iron and nickel.

Answer 27

core

Question 28

two layers of core

Answer 28

outer core

inner core

Question 29

the bondary separating outer and inner core

Answer 29

Bullen discontinuity

Question 30

comes from the Greek word hydro which means water. It is composed
of all water on Earth in any form: water vapor, liquid water, and ice.

It includes all bodies of water such as
oceans, lakes, rivers, and marshes. Clouds and rain are also part of the
hydrosphere.

Answer 30

Hydrosphere

Question 31

Hydrosphere is comprised of 97.5% _

Answer 31

saltwater

Question 32

Hydrosphere is comprised of 2.5% _

Answer 32

freshwater

Question 33

comes from the Greek word bio which means life​. It is comprised of all
living things. It includes all microbes, plants, and animals. It extends to the upper
areas of the atmosphere where insects and birds can be found. It also reaches the
deep parts of the oceans where marine organisms can still survive.

Answer 33

Biosphere

Question 34

Organisms interact with other organisms and the physical environment. They form
communities called _

_ exist all over the world. Examples of _
include deserts, tropical rainforests, swamps, or coral reefs.

Answer 34

Biomes