Lesson 24: Bunyaviridae

Question 1

The family Bunyaviridae is the largest family of viruses
and includes the genera

Answer 1

Orthobunyavirus,Hantavirus,Nairovirus, Phlebovirus,
and Tospovirus.

Question 2

 —California encephalitis serogroup viruses and Akabane
virus (as well as Aino and Cache Valley viruses);

Answer 2

Bunyavirus

Question 3

—Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV);

Answer 3

Phlebovirus

Question 4

—Nairobi sheep disease virus; and is transmitted by ________
 Hantavi

Answer 4

Nairovirus

brown ear
tick

Question 5

Hantavirus- The Old World hantaviruses usually cause a ___________and___________, while the NewWorld hantaviruses
cause ___________. Onemajor feature associated with
hantaviruses is that they are difficult to isolate and maintain in cell
culture. Thus, PCR assays are critically important for diagnosis.

Answer 5

hemorrhagic
fever and renal syndrome disease

pulmonary disease

Question 6

Many of the bunyaviruses are arboviruses that are transmitted by arthropods
such as mosquitoes, ticks, and biting flies, and thus have the capacity to
alternately replicate in vertebrate animals and insects.

Question 7

Table 116

Question 8

Bunyaviruses cause several diseases of human and domestic animals, including
fever, hemorrhagic fever, renal failure, encephalitis, meningitis, blindness, and, in
domestic animals, congenital defects. Most illnesses are self-limited fevers that
last 1 to 4 days and are accompanied by headache, muscle aches, nausea,
conjunctival injection, and generalized weakness.

Question 9

Bunyaviruses cause several diseases of human and domestic animals, including
fever, hemorrhagic fever, renal failure, encephalitis, meningitis, blindness, and, in
domestic animals, congenital defects. Most illnesses are self-limited fevers that
last 1 to 4 days and are accompanied by headache, muscle aches, nausea,
conjunctival injection, and generalized weakness.

Question 10

are serologically cross-reactive, mosquitotransmitted viruses of the genus Bunyavirus and include La Crosse, snowshoe
hare, and Jamestown Canyon viruses;

Answer 10

California Encephalitis serogroup

Question 11

and related viruses cause severe disease of
sheep and goats in Africa and Asia. Transmitted by hard ticks (Ixodidae), cause
abortion, and occassionally zoonotic;

Answer 11

Nairobi sheep disease (NSD)

Question 12

is characterized by headache, pain in limbs,
and, in severe cases, bleeding from multiple orifices;

Answer 12

Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever

Question 13

is characterized by fever, hemorrhage, and acute renal
failure; and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is characterized by fever and acute
respiratory distress

Answer 13

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (korean hemorrhagic fever,
nephropathia epidemica)

Question 14

is a zoonotic, mosquito (Aedes sp.) transmitted virus that
causes epidemics of severe, fre quently fatal systemic disease of ruminants,
especially sheep and goats. Mortality is highest in young animals, and pregnant
ruminants often abort following infection. RVFV causes extensive liver necrosis
in affected sheep and goats and widespread hemorrhages are common.
Encephalitis with neuronal necrosis also occurs in some affected animals.
Distributed in Africa.
 These illnesses are significant, currently uncontrolled human diseases. La
crosse virus causes most of the arbovirus encephalitis in north America. Also,
more than 100,000 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome occur
annually in Asia and Europe. Rift valley fever has explosive potential, as shown
in Egypt in 1977, when an estimated 200,000 cases, with 598 deaths, were
recorded. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is uncommon, but is associated with
a 50% case fatality rate

Answer 14

Rift valley fever