Lesson 13

Question 1

Ureters function as a

Answer 1

Conduit

Question 2

Bladder acts as a

Answer 2

Reservoir for urine

Question 3

Urethra functions as a

Answer 3

Conduit

Question 4

Ureters aprox _____cm in length

Answer 4

25-30

Question 5

Ureter courses

Answer 5

Inferiorly behind the parietal peritoneum anterior to the psoas muscle

Crosses iliac vessls anterior to the sacroiliac joint

Enters inferior bladder

Question 6

Ureters composed of what 3 layer

Answer 6

Inner mucosal layer
Medial layer of longitudinal and circular smooth muscle
Outer fibrous layer

Question 7

Ureter transport

Answer 7

Urine to bladder by urethral peristalsis

Varies depending of state of hydratio n

Question 8

Junction of where the proximal leaves the kidney

Answer 8

UPJ

ureteropelvic junctoin

Question 9

Distal ureter junction

Answer 9

UVJ

Ureterovesicle junction

Question 10

Location of bladder

Answer 10

Pelvic cavity

Retro

Question 11

Anatomical relationships of bladder

Answer 11

Anterior to vagina

Rests of prostate in men

Question 12

Bladder wall made mostly of

Answer 12

Smooth muscle tissue

Question 13

Inner wall layer forms folds called

Answer 13

Rugae

Question 14

Ureters and urethra in bladder form

Answer 14

Trigone

Question 15

Bladder functions (2)

Answer 15

Reservior for urine

Expels urine from the body

Question 16

Patient prep: patients fill bladder ___to ___ Oz

Answer 16

24-32 ounces

Question 17

Patient prep:

Answer 17

Patient prep: fill bladder approx. 24 to 32 ounces and fasting for 6 to 8 hours
Approaches:
(Bladder) Scan using anterior approach on pelvis
(kidneys) Scan using subcostal or coronal approach right and left sides
Patient positions:
Kidneys- scan in supine and decubitus (RLD or LLD) or right lateral oblique (left lateral oblique)
Use a 3.5 to 5MHz transducer

Question 18

Scan kidneys in ____ planes and ____ positions

Answer 18

Two and two

Question 19

Scan bladder in _____ and in _____ planes

Answer 19

Supine and two

Question 20

Echogenicity of bladder

Answer 20

Anechoic fluid filled structure with echogenic walls

Question 21

Contour of bladder

Answer 21

Smooth when full

Question 22

Shape of bladder

Answer 22

Transverse appears square shaped with curved edges

Sagital triangular

Question 23

Bladder volume =

Answer 23

LxHxW x 0,523 =cc

Question 24

Length of bladder measure

Answer 24

In sagittal plane (diagonal)

Question 25

Transverse measure AP ( _____) and right to left (_______)

Answer 25

Height and width

Question 26

We take _______ volume and ____ volume

Answer 26

Prevoid

Postvoid

Question 27

Normal bladder wall should be ______

Answer 27

Thin

Not routinely measured

Question 28

May show ureter jets at the uvj with ____ to aid in _____

Answer 28

Colour doppler

Aid in providing no obstruction

Question 29

Bladder can have ____ artifact in _________

Answer 29

Reverberation artifact

In near field (anterior)

Question 30

To get rid of bladder reverberation we

Answer 30

Adjust gains

Question 31

Pitfalls of the bladder

Answer 31

Obese patients
Surgical scars make artifacts
Abdominal dressing

Question 32

7th week of the bladder _____ fuses with ________. This divides _____ nad ______

Answer 32

Urorectal septum with cloacal membrane

Divides urogenital sinus and dorsal rectum

Question 33

In embryology the urogenital sinus is

Answer 33

Bladder

Question 34

In embyrology the bladder is continus

Answer 34

With allantois

Question 35

Allantois becomes

Answer 35

Urachus (fibrous cord aka median umbilical ligament)

Question 36

When the bladder grows 2 things occur

Answer 36

Distal mesonephric ducts becomes part of the connective tissue into the bladder trigone

Ureters open into bladder