Lecture 10 Part 2 Flashcards
Frequency of transducer for GB
3.5-5 Mhz
None typical position of GB scan
Right lateral decubitus
Upright
Landmarks (4) for GB
RUQ
R kidney
main lobular fissure
Trans liver portal vein
Why can fundus be difficult
Close proximity to bowel
GB walls may produce
Shadows
Reverb can be seen from ___ in GB
Artifacts
What can we do to determine if the artifact is real
Change position
Once we know artifact is fake how do we get rid of it
THI harmonics
Change window
Breath in
When the CHD meets with the cystic duct from the GB the CHD becomes
CBD
Normal caliber for CBD /CHD
<7mm
indicative problem caliber of CBD
> 7mm usually but normal can be seen up to 10mm
Size of GB affected by (2)
Age, post sugerey
Do you measure walls of CBD
No
___ to____ % of GB is covered in peritoneum
50 to 70
Remained of the GB is covered in
Adventitial tissue
Anomalies of the GB
Intrahepatic gallbladder or parially intrahepatic
Torsion
Agenesis
Ectopic position
Intra hepatic gallblader occurs if
GB does not migrate to liver surface, very rare
Torsion is
Gall bladder fully envoloped in visceral peritoneum
Hanging from mesentery
Increase mobility, higher risk for torsion
Agenesis
Born without ( rare)
What are ectopic positions
Supraheptic, suprarenal, within abdominal wall, in falciform ligament
Normal variants of GB (2)
Septate GB
Duplication
Septate GB
2 or more intercommunicating compartments divided by thin septa
What is duplication structure
Cystic duct
Normal variants commonly seen
Phrygian cap
Junctional fold
Hertmanns pouch with stones
What is phrygian cap
Kink in the fundus, kinks can shadow
Looks like smurfs hat
Normal variant of CBD
Hepatic artery posterior to it
