Lesson 12 Flashcards
3 renal functions
Urine formation
Homeostasis ( water salt balance and acid base)
Endocrine gland—> secretes hromones
1 function of renals
Excrete metabolic waste productions in the form of urine (waste tatken from the blood
Basic functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
How many nephrons and what do they do
Million
Filter blood
Locations of nephron
Cortex and medulla
Cortical nephrons are located mostly in _____ and have _____ loop of henle
Cortex
Shorter
Juxtranedullary nephrons are adjoining _______ and have ______ loop of henle
Medulla
Longer
Renal corpuscle made of
Glomerulus and bowmans capsule
Tubules are made of (3)
Proximal, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubules
3 functions occuring in the nephron
Filtration
Tubular reabsoption
Tubular secretion
What is tubular reabsorption
Substances needed by the body are reabsorbed into the blood
Tubular secretion is what
Waste products and excess water pass into collecting ducts as urine
2 lab test related to renal function
Serum creatinine
BUN
There may be a ______% loss of renal function before the blood levels are elevated on these tests
50%
Serum creatinine is formed
In muscle in small amounts, passed into blood and excreted in urine
Increase creatinine indicates
Disturbance in function
urea is
End product of protein metabolism, normally low
BUN level increase indicates
Function or perfusion impaired
Possible reason for function imparment of renals
Dehydration
Urinary tract obstruction
Can lead to mental confusion, disorientation and coma
Transient pyelectasis
This is considered normal
Happens when patient drinks a lot of water
Calyces and pyramids more anechoic more prominent
Resolves after patient empty bladder
If whole colecting system is anechoic than it is not normal
3 sets of kidneys in embryo
Pronephros
Mesonephros
Metanephros
Pronephro
Early in 4th week gestation
Rudimentary and non functioning
Mesonephros
Late in 4th week
Function as interim kidney
Metanephro
Permanent kidneys
Metanephros develop from 2 sources
Ureteric bud and metanephrogenic blastema
Ureteric bud contains
Ureteric bud
Renal pelvis
Calices
Collecting ducts
Ureteric bud interats with and penetrates
The metanephrogenic blastema
Kidneys travel from ____ to ____
Pelvis to RUQ
Kidneys rotate ________ as they travel
Medially 90 degrees
