Lecture 2

Question 1

What does window refer too

Answer 1

Refers to using positioning to where we can best view an organ (liver makes for a good window)

Question 2

Difference in the Parietal peritoneum of males and females

Answer 2

Males is a closed cavity, females it is open to the folopian tubes

Question 3

What makes and organ intraperitoneal

Answer 3

Organ within the peritoneum between the visceral and perietal layers

Question 4

Intraperitonal organs

Answer 4

Liver (except bar area), gall bladder, spleen, stomach, ovaries and majority of intestines

Question 5

Retroperitoneum lies ___

Answer 5

Outside the peritoneal cavity, towards the back

Question 6

Retroperitoneal organs include

Answer 6

Great vessles, pancreas, kidneys, urinary bladder, rectum, majority of doudenum

Uterus vagina

Prostate

Question 7

Sometimes the pertoneum can be seen on ultrasound if….

Answer 7

The patient has ascites (increase in abdominal fluid)

Question 8

Omentums are used for

Answer 8

Insululation of the organ (it is a layer of fat

Question 9

Psoas as it goes inferior bcomes

Answer 9

Iliopsoas

Question 10

What is the QL known as

Answer 10

Kidney bed

Question 11

Appearance of muscles of US

Answer 11

Medium level of echogenicity, may have high echogenitic fibrous strands

Question 12

Fat appearance on US

Answer 12

Vaires depending on water content

Pure fat is anechoic

Question 13

Appearance of Linea Alba on US

Answer 13

Hyper echoic compared to muscle

Question 14

Split image artifact

Answer 14

Transverse planes at the midline sound is refracted at the muscle/ fat interface

Smaller structure sin abdomen or pelvis appear duplicated

Artifact is only seen in transverse plane

Question 15

Right crura appear as thin _______ band

Answer 15

Hypoechoic

Question 16

The diaphragm is generally seen a s thin _____ band but appears as ______ between liver

Answer 16

Hypoechoic

Echogenic

Question 17

Contour of the diaphragm

Answer 17

Smooth

Question 18

Diaphragmatic slips

Answer 18

Normal prominent muscular insertions

Transveres they can appear as focal echogenic masses

Long axis they elongate and becmoe larger with inspiration

Question 19

Mirror image artifact in diaphragm

Answer 19

A second thin echogenic line superior to the diaphragm/ lung interphase can appear

Liver tissue can be seen opposite side of diaphragm in thoracic cavity “not real”

Question 20

3 layers of artery and veins

Answer 20

Tunica intima
Tunica media 
Tunica externa (adventia)

Question 21

Tunica intima is

Answer 21

Endothelium and very smooth

Question 22

Tunica media is

Answer 22

Muscular component

Question 23

Tunica externa is

Answer 23

Connective tissue

Question 24

WHere does aorta bifurcate

Answer 24

L4

Question 25

What level does the aorta become more anterior than the IVC

Answer 25

Level of the renal arteries

Question 26

The aorta has _____ walls

Answer 26

Smooth

Question 27

3 patient positions used to visualize the aorta

Answer 27

Supine most cmmon
Left lateral decubitus
Right lateral decebitus

Question 28

When scanning aorta we us ____ to ____Mhtz transducer

Answer 28

3.5 to 5

Question 29

Windows for view aorta

Answer 29

Can use left lobe of liver as a window in trans

Question 30

Size of aorta proximal and distal and should be no bigger than

Answer 30

2.5 cm prox
<1.5 distal

Less than 3 cm overall

Question 31

Aorta walls have a ____ shape

Answer 31

Tubular

Question 32

3 celiac trunk branches

Answer 32

Left gastric artery (smallest)
Splenic artery (largest
Common hepatic artery

Question 33

Which is longer R or L renal artery

Answer 33

Right

Question 34

Right renal artery courses ____ to the IVC

Answer 34

Posteriorly

Question 35

Gastroesophageal junction is _____ to the surrounding tissue

Answer 35

Hyperechoic

Question 36

Right crus of diaphragm seen ______ to the GE junctino and______ to the aorta in sag view

Answer 36

Inferior to GE

Anterior to aorta