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Normal > Female Pelvis > Flashcards

Female Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle appearance

A

Moderate echogenicity with ecogenis striations within the long axis

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2
Q

Muscles can be mistaken with

A

Ovaries or masses within pelvis

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3
Q

Muscles are image in ____ planes

A

2

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4
Q

Uterus location

A

Retroperitoneal

Pelvic cavity

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5
Q

Between birth and puberty the uterus descends gradually from

A

The lower abdomen into the true pelvis

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6
Q

Uterus anatomic locations

A

Pubic bone, bladder anterior

Rectum posteriorly

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7
Q

Three major portions of the uterus

A

Fundus body cervix

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8
Q

What is cornua

A

Area of the body where the tubes enter

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9
Q

What is at and superior to the cornua

A

Fundus

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10
Q

Where is the body

A

Area between cervix and cornua

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11
Q

Cervix

A

Slightl narrowing between body and proximal vagina
Opens into the upper vagina
Canal made up by internal and external os

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12
Q

Distal end of cervix space between vagina

A

2 lateral fornix

Anterior and posterior fornix

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13
Q

Vagina

A

Fibromuscular canal that lies in the midline
Runs from the cervix to the external genitalia
The cervix protrudes into the proximal vagina
Rectum lies posteriorly

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14
Q

Uterus _____ walled muscular organ

3 layers

A

Thick

Perimetrium (layer of serous membrane)
Myometrium
Endometrium

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15
Q

Myometrium

A

Big muscle, majority of uterus

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16
Q

3 layers of mymetrium

A

Inner layer ‘subendometrial halo”
Intermediate
Outer

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17
Q

Endometrium 2 layers

A

Superficial functional later - part that sloughs off each menses

Deep basal layer - stays attached to uterus

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18
Q

Uterus paired ligaments

A

Broad
Cardinal
Uterosacral

19
Q

Uterus unparied ligaments

A

Posterior
Anterior
Round

20
Q

Broad ligament

A

Boudle folds of parietal peritoneum
Uterus is suspended between these folds
Extend lateral aspect of uterus to the lateral pelvic walls

21
Q

Cardinal ligaments

A

Lower extension of broad

22
Q

Round ligaments

A

Fibromuscular cords extends from upper outer angles of the uterus through inguinal canal and attach labia majora

23
Q

Uterosacral ligaments

A

Fold like extensions of pertitoneum

Posterior uterus to sacrum, each side of rectum

24
Q

Anterior ligament

A

Fold peritoneum goes from anterior surface of uterus to posterior surface of bladder

Forms anterior cul de sac or vesicouterine pouch

Fluid collects in this area

25
Q

Posterior ligament

A

Extends from posterior side of uterus to rectum
Forms deep pouch, pouch of duglas, or posterior cul de sac, rectouterine recess
Fluids collect in this area

26
Q

Functions of uterus

A

If fertilization occurs, implants into endometrial lining and develops within UT
Myometrial contractions at labour
No fertilization
Menstration occurs
Myometrial contractions aide sloughing off. endometrium

27
Q

Blood supply to uterus

A

Uterine arteries arises —> internal iliac arteries (primary supply to uterus)
Travels within broad ligament, at cornua anastomose with ovarian artery->then enter the myometrium
Uterine plexus of veins runs along with arteries

28
Q

Uterus position

A

Cervix is fixed in midline, body and fundus is mobile

29
Q

Flexion

A

Axis of the uterine body relative to the cervix

30
Q

Version

A

Axis of the cervis relative to the vagina

31
Q

What can affect or change position of uterus

A

Distension of bladder

Rectal fullness

32
Q

Uterus positioning

A

Usually anteverted and anteflexed
Can be retroverted-> entire uterus tilted backwards realtive to vagina

Retroflexed — body is tilted posteriorly (relative to cervix)

33
Q

Uterus size and shape

A

Vary through out life

Age, hormonal status, parity

34
Q

Infantile uterus size, cervix size, shape

A

2.8 length uterus

Cervix 2/3 of total length

Tubular or inverse pear shape

35
Q

Neonate uterus size and shape

A

Slightly larger the infantile due to maternal hormone stimulation
3.4 cm
Inverse pear shape

36
Q

From 8 to puberty

A

Uterus gradually increases in size

37
Q

Puberty

A

Uteurs increase in size, especially body of uterus
Diameter and lenth of the body about boudle cervical size
Becomes adult shape and size

38
Q

Adult size of uterus

A

7-8 length x 5 w x 4 ap
Parity (pregnancy increases normal size by 1 cm in each dimension

Pear shaped

39
Q

Menopausal uterus

A

Atropies 3.5-6.5 L and 1.2-1.8 width

Calcifications in arcuate arteries —> linear calcific foci

Small echogenic foci within inner myometrium

All of these are incidental findings with no clinical significance

40
Q

Contour of uterus

A

Smooth

41
Q

Walls of uterus that are echogenic

A

Myometrium and endometrium

42
Q

Echotexture of myometrium

A

Homogenous

43
Q

3 distinguishable layers with US in myometrium

A

Inner - hypo
Intermediate - low to moderate echos, homogenous
Outer - thin, less echos than inter

Normal (21 decks)

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