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CV II Exam 3 > Leg Pain, Chest Pain, Back Pain I > Flashcards

Leg Pain, Chest Pain, Back Pain I Flashcards

1
Q

impotence, calf, thigh, buttock claudication, femorals not palpable

A

aorto-iliac occlusion

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2
Q

Tx of aorto-iliac occlusion

A 
stop smoking
BP control
ASA and clopidogrel
cilostazol
pentoxifylline
ramipril
statin
stent
bypass
calf compression
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3
Q

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A

cilostazol

pentoxifylline

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4
Q

cilostazol

A

PDE3 inhibitor

anti-platelet

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5
Q

pentoxifylline

A

PDE3 inhibitor

anti-platelet

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6
Q

dependent rubor

A

leg turn red with no circulation

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7
Q

pseudohypertension

A

oslers sign

-bc of calcified vessels

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8
Q

oslers sign

A

pseudo HTN bc of calcified vessels

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9
Q

wave form analysis

A

if calcified vessels

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10
Q

Tx of superficial and common femoral and popliteal stenosis

A

fem-pop bypass

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11
Q

worse pain when extend back and improvement when bending forward

A

spinal stenosis

can look like PVD

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12
Q

S4

A

atrial contraction to noncompliant ventricle

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13
Q

burning dorsal foot pain

A

tibial and pedal artery occlusion

gets better when get up and dangle foot

Tx - vein bypass

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14
Q

diabetic neurpoathy

A

no relief with standing

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15
Q

MRA

A

magnetic resonance angiography

-for Dx of arterial occlusion

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16
Q

pedal pulses not palpable

A

arterial occlusion

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17
Q

loss of light touch

A

do surgery

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18
Q

50% of cardiac emboli

A

to legs

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19
Q

before revascularization

A

bicarb administration

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20
Q

6 Ps of acute arterial occlusion**

A 
pain
pallor
paralysis
paresthesia
pulselessness
poikilothermia
21
Q

blood supply to brain

A

two sources
carotid
vertebral basilar

22
Q

TIA

A

10 minutes to an hour

23
Q

dizziness, diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, dysmetria

A

D’s of vertebral basilar TIAs

24
Q

lateral medullary syndrome

A

occlusion of vertebral or PICA

Ds + numbness in contralateral arm or leg and ipsilateral face

horners syndrome

25
Q

ringing ear, dizziness, facial pain, nystagmus, perceptive deafness, intention tremor, positive romberg, loss of pain and temp over face and opposite trunk, ptosis of eye, constriction of pupil

A

lateral medullary syndrome

-occlusion of vertebral a or PICA

26
Q

aphasia, unilateral weakness/numbness, amaurosis fugax

A

carotid territory TIA

can’t understand what you are saying or speaking

amaurosis fugax - loss of vision in one eye

27
Q

cramps after eating

A

abdominal angina

mesenteric occlusion

28
Q

severe abdominal pain with no physical exam findings

A

watch out for abdominal angina

-vessel occlusion > infarction - BAD

29
Q

thrombophilic factors

A

factor V
G20210A
ACLA

red clots

30
Q

hypofibrinolytic factors

A

4G.5G polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene (PAI-1)

red clots

31
Q

basis of white clot

A 
smoking
HTN
hyperlipidemia
DM
cholesterol emboli

**platelet aggregation

32
Q

myeloproliferative disease

A

JAK2

cause of arterial/venous clotting

33
Q

causes of arterial and venous clotting

A 
HIT
PNH - paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
MPD
APLAS - anti phospholipid
ACLA - anti cardiolipin
34
Q

thromboangiitis obliterans

A

buergers disease

vasculitis of arteries and veins

in cigarette smokers

35
Q

significant aortic aneurysm

A

5-6cm

do coronary surgery prior to aneurysm repair**

36
Q

before fixing aortic aneurysm

A

fix coronary arteries

37
Q

aortic aneurysm Tx

A

labetolol
esmolol
nitroprusside
surgical repair - endovascular graft

38
Q

3/6 diastolic decrescendo murmur at base and 2/6 systolic murmur at apex that lengthens with standing and shortens with handgrip

A

mitral valve prolapse

marfan syndrome

39
Q

mitral regurg

A

should get louder with hand grip (increased afterload)

should get softer with standing (less filling)

40
Q

hand grip

A

same as squatting

increase afterload

41
Q

squat to stand

A

same as valsalva

decreased preload

42
Q

aortic aneurysm dissection

A

into media

with sharp chest pain

43
Q

associated with dissecting aortic aneurysm -

A

diastolic murmur - aortic regurg

as well as HTN and paraplegia**

44
Q

paraplegia

A

with dissecting aortic aneurysm

45
Q

causes of mediastinal widening

A

artifact - rotated patient
mass - T and B cell lymphoma, teratoma, thyroid, thymus (4 T’s)

vessels - aortic aneurysm

anthrax

46
Q

anthrax

A

results in mediastinal widening***

47
Q

easily palpable popliteal pulse

A

aneurysm
-loss of distal pulse with acute leg or foot pain

conservative if light pulse intact
-otherwise - surgery

48
Q

predisposition for trombophlebitis

A

trauma

49
Q

virchows triad

A

hypercoagulability
stasis
trauma

for thrombosis

CV II Exam 3 (21 decks)

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