Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists II

Question 1

cardiogenic shock

Answer 1

with compromised kidney function

dopamine

Question 2

fenoldopam

Answer 2

D1 selective agonist

-IV infusion for severe HTN

Question 3

dobutamine

Answer 3

given as racemic mix

Question 4

prazosin

Answer 4

alpha1selective blocker

-short half life

Question 5

propranolol

Answer 5

non-selective beta blocker

Question 6

emergency to stimulate heart rate in bradycardia or heart block

-before placement of pacemaker or patients with torsades de points

Answer 6

isoproterenol

Question 7

short term treatment of cardiac decompensation after cardiac surgery or pt with CHF or acute MI

Answer 7

dobutamine

Question 8

clonidine

Answer 8

alpha2 agonist

central acting

Question 9

methyldopa

Answer 9

alpha2 agonist
-for pregnant women

central acting

Question 10

tamsulosin

Answer 10

alpha1a selective antagonist -for BPH

Question 11

carvedilol

Answer 11

non-selective beta blocker

also antioxidant and block Ca entry

Question 12

carteolol

Answer 12

non-selective beta blocker - and agonist at beta2 as well as activate NO production

Question 13

atenolol

Answer 13

beta1 selective antagonist

Question 14

metoprolol

Answer 14

beta1 selective antagonist

Question 15

esmolol

Answer 15

beta1 selective antagonist

short acting - only during surgery

Question 16

labetalol

Answer 16

alpha and beta blocker

Question 17

carvedilol

Answer 17

alpha and beta blocker

Question 18

3rd generation beta blockers

Answer 18

have mechanisms for vasodilation

calcium block, NO production, beta2 agonist activity, antioxidant

Question 19

patient with HTN and bronchospasm, DM, PVD, or raynauds

Answer 19

use beta1 selective antagonist

Question 20

beta antagonists

Answer 20

stronger effects when sympathetic activity is tonically increased
-ex/ exercise

Question 21

beta blockers

Answer 21

slow conduction in atria and AV node
-increased refractory period of AV node

reduced work of heart and O2 consumption

Question 22

labetalol and carvedilol

Answer 22

beta blockers AND alpha1 blockers

CO maintained with large fall in peripheral resistance

Question 23

beta blockers as antihypertensives

Answer 23

don’t decrease BP in normal patients

-but pt with HTN - do decreased BP

Question 24

renin release

Answer 24

beta1 - blocked by beta antagonists

Question 25

pindolol

Answer 25

no effect on plasma renin activity

Question 26

exacerbation of HF in patients with HF, acute MI, or cardiomegaly

Answer 26

with beta blocker use

Question 27

prolonged life in HF patients

Answer 27

chronic beta-blockers

Question 28

verapamil and beta blockers

Answer 28

may lead to AV conduction defects

Question 29

abrupt discontinuation of beta blockers

Answer 29

exacerbate angina -increase risk of sudden death bc of upregulation of beta receptors

Question 30

decreased exercise tolerance

Answer 30

with beta blockers

Question 31

careful use of beta blockers

Answer 31

diabetics and asthmatics

Question 32

clinical use of beta-blockers

Answer 32

HTN - slow decreased TPR IHD CHF - improve morbidity and mortality arrhythmias

Question 33

ischemic heart disease

Answer 33

beta blocker | -reduced cardiac work and O2 consumption

Question 34

sinus tachycardia and supraventricular ectopic beat

Answer 34

beta blocker treatment

Question 35

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 35

hyperthyroid pt have increased beta receptor sensivitity -Tx - beta blockers reduce sensitivity of myocardium to adrenergic stimulation in hyperthyroid patients ****

Question 36

beta blockers

Answer 36

oral drugs high first pass - propranolol

Question 37

beta blocker effect

Answer 37

depend on existing sympathetic tone

Question 38

beta1 blockers

Answer 38

less effect on exercise tolerance

Question 39

catecholamines during exercise or stress

Answer 39

increase work of heart and myocardial O2 demand

Question 40

myocardial oxygen demand

Answer 40

decreased with beta blockers net effect - improve relationship between cardiac supply and demand

Question 41

antihypertensive effects of betablockers

Answer 41

effective Tx for HTN | -mechanism not well understood

Question 42

pindolol

Answer 42

antihypertensive with no effect on renin levels