Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists III

Question 1

long term beta blockers

Answer 1

leads to antihypertensive effects

mechanism unknown

Question 2

betaxolol

Answer 2

blocks remodeling of vasculature in chronic HTN

Question 3

beta blockers and CHF

Answer 3

should be administered slowly with log doses

Question 4

post MI management

Answer 4

statin
ACE inhibitor
aldosterone receptor antagonist

aspirin and ADP receptor agonist

Question 5

heparin

Answer 5

in STEMI or non-STEMI

STEMI - thrombolysis or angioplasty - also give heparin

Question 6

acute and long term treatment of IHD with beta blockers

Answer 6

decrease mortality from MI by as much as 25% or more

Question 7

beta blockers and CHF

Answer 7

prevent HF in >50%, strokes reduced >38%, decreased CAD and CV events, improved ventricular remodeling

Question 8

carvedilol

Answer 8

65% reduction in mortality of CHF patients

Question 9

CHF patients

Answer 9

diuretic, ACE, digoxin, beta blocker

Question 10

class IV CHF

Answer 10

beta-blockers contraindicated in severe CHF

Question 11

beta blocker and DM

Answer 11

may mask signs of hypoglycemia

Question 12

side effects of beta blockers

Answer 12

dizzy, fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, depression, sexual dysfunction, purpura, rash, fever

Question 13

sudden withdrawal of beta blockers

Answer 13

rebound HTN, anginal attack, possibly MI if sudden withdrawal

receptor up regulation - supersensitivity

Question 14

cardiogenic shock, 2 or 3 degree block, decompensated HF

Answer 14

NO BETA BLOCKERS

Question 15

nadolol

Answer 15

long acting non-selective beta blocker

-once-per day

Question 16

carteolol

Answer 16

nonselective beta blocker

-vasodilating properties

Question 17

pindolol

Answer 17

beta blocker
-partial agonist

less rebound HTN and less bradycardia

Question 18

beta1 selective blockers

Answer 18

more potent at beta1 than beta2

high dose - block beta2

Question 19

atenolol

Answer 19

HTN

Question 20

metoprolol

Answer 20

HTN and CHF

Question 21

esmolol

Answer 21

rapid onset and short duration beta1 selective blocker

IV infusion peri-operative tachycardia and HTN

also electroconvulsive therapy

Question 22

labetalol

Answer 22

alpha and beta blocker

with partial agonist at beta2

HTN and pheochromocytoma

Question 23

carvedilol

Answer 23

non-selective beta and alpha blocker

antioxidant properties

Question 24

alpha2 agonists

Answer 24

central acting

inhibit sympathetic outflow

Question 25

methyldopa

Answer 25

false neurotransmitter concept

sedation, dry mouth, sex dysfunction

preferred in HTN during pregnancy

Question 26

clonidine

Answer 26

alpha2 agonist

IV - increased BP followed by decreased BP

Question 27

increased BP followed by decreased BP

Answer 27

clonidine IV

Question 28

oral clonidine

Answer 28

decrease BP

Question 29

hypertensive crisis

Answer 29

sudden withdrawal of clonidine

Question 30

hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Answer 30

propanolol

relief of pressure gradient along outflow tract

Question 31

acute dissecting aortic aneurysm

Answer 31

beta blocker

slow progression of aortic dilation

Question 32

hyperthyroidism

Answer 32

Tx - beta blockers

Question 33

improves ventricular function and reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with mild/severe congestive heart failure

Answer 33

carvedilol