Heart Failure, Myocarditis, Cardiomyopathies, and Pulmonary HTN I Flashcards
CHF
SYNDROME NOT DISEASE
same syndrome can occur with different diseases
abnormality of cardiac structure or function responsible for inability of heart to eject or fill with blood at rate sufficient to meet demands of metabolizing tissues
congestive heart failure
HR and heart failure
too slow - decreased CO
too fast - not enough time to fill
impaired relaxation and compliance
diastolic dysfunction
normal heart function with increased metabolic demand or increased peripheral blood flow from decreased PVR
high output failure
pulmonary edema
increased LA pressure
JVP, hepatomegaly, intestinal edema
increased RA pressure
CO = ?
HR x SV
SV = ?
EDV - ESV
EF = ?
SV/EDV
failure to eject
forward failure
-decreased perfusion of organs/tissues down-stream from heart
congestion
backward failure
-backing up of blood into organs upstream
increasing hydrostatic pressure, leads to congestion/edema
forward failure Sx in left sided failure
systemic circulation
backward failure Sx in left sided failure
congestion in lungs
backward failure Sx in right sided failure
systemic venous circulation
-upstream
acute heart failure
forward failure**
flash pulmonary edema
massive MI, chorda rupture, large PE
chronic heart failure
slow, exacerbations
predominantly backward failure**
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
diastolic left heart failure