Antihypertensive Review I

Question 1

amiloride

Answer 1

K-sparing

Question 2

furosemide

Answer 2

loop diuretic

Question 3

spironolactone

Answer 3

K-sparing

Question 4

mannitol

Answer 4

osmotic diuretic
-may cause heart failure with low CO or compromised renal perfusion

additional volume and difficulty ejecting against higher afterload

with furosemide ok**

Question 5

fall of BP to cause syncope

Answer 5

thiazide and ACE together

Question 6

risk factor against use of ACE or ARB

Answer 6

bilateral renal artery stenosis

Question 7

prazosin

Answer 7

alpha1 blocker

lower BP, pupils constrict, high incidence of syncope on initial dosing

Question 8

pregnancy

Answer 8

no ACE or ARB

Question 9

K sparing

Answer 9

aldosterone antagonists
-spironolactone and eplerone

ENaC inhibitor
-amiloride

Question 10

adrenal cortical tumor

Answer 10

spironolactone

-inhibits testosterone effects

Question 11

diuretics

Answer 11

don’t reflect urine concentration changes

Question 12

triamterene

Answer 12

K sparing

Question 13

lisinopril and triamterene

Answer 13

BP control with increased risk of hyperkalemia

Question 14

collecting tubule

Answer 14

site of K secretion

more Na to CT - more K secretion

at ENaC in CT

Question 15

sulfa drug allergy

Answer 15

ethacrynic acid

Question 16

thiazides in diabetics

Answer 16

make glucose tolerance more difficult

Question 17

glaucoma, acute mountain sickness

Answer 17

acetazolamide

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 18

syncopal episodes

Answer 18

furosemide

Question 19

massive diuresis

Answer 19

loop diuretics

Question 20

metolazone

Answer 20

thiazide diuretic

Tx of essential HTN

Question 21

cough

Answer 21

ACE inhibitors

Question 22

non-DHP CCB

Answer 22

slow AV nodal conduction

diltiazem and verapamil