Leg, Ankle and Foot MCQs Flashcards
Is this tibia right/left anterior/posterior?
Posterior surface of the right tibia
Identify the muscle indicated by the letter C.
Soleus
a) where does the patella tendon insert?
b) where does the small saphenous vein travel behind?
c) where is the posterior tibial pulse palpable?
d) where does biceps femoris insert?
e) where does the common fibular nerve lie close to?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 1
e) 2
Identify the muscle indicated by the letter B.
Lateral head of gastrocnemius
The muscle indicated by the letter C:
a) action?
b) innervation
a) plantarflexion of ankle, aids venous return from lower limb
b) innervated by tibial nerve
The artery indicated by the letter C is the:
Anterior tibial artery
What is bone G?
Calcaneum
The tendons of fibularis longus and brevis travel posterior to which one of the following bony landmarks?
B
Rupture of structure D would result in:
- weak plantarflexion of the ankle
- an abnormal gait
What is the prime action of muscle B?
Plantarflexion of the foot ??
Tendon A belongs to which one of the following muscles?
Extensor digitorum longus
Identify muscle A.
Tibialis anterior
The prime action of tibialis anterior is:
Dorsiflexion of the ankle
Which of the following muscles are innervated by the superficial fibular nerve?
C and D –> these are fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
What is the action of muscle B?
B is gastrocnemius:
- Flexes the knee
- Plantarflexes the ankle
What is C? Action? Innervation?
C is EDL:
- Dorsiflexion of ankle
- Extension of digits
- Innervated by the deep fibular nerve
Identify muscle B.
Extensor hallucis longus
What is vessel B? What does it terminate as?
- Vessel B is the anterior tibial artery (after leaving the popliteal fossa, it travels into the anterior compartment via the IOM)
- Terminates as dorsalis pedis artery
- Runs with the deep fibular nerve for most of its course
What landark do the posterior tibials veins pass?
Posterior to the medial malleolus
This reflex tests which spinal nerves and cord segments?
S1, S2
Regarding tendon 5 and its muscle: what is it? Where does it insert? What is its action? What is it innervated by?
- tendon of fibularis brevis
- inserts on base of 5th metatarsal
- everts the foot
- innervated by superficial fibular nerve
Identify muscle A.
Gastrocnemius
Tendon A belongs to which muscle?
Flexor hallucis longus (as in sole of foot)
Which nerve innervates the skin over region 1?
Saphenous nerve
Landmark A is the soleal line. Is this statement true or false?
Which structures travel behind the medial malleolus?
- Posterior tibial artery and veins
- Tendon of tibialis posterior
- Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
- Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
Where does vessel A travel?
Anterior to the medial malleolus
Which nerve innervates the skin over region 6?
Deep fibular
The injury seen in this X-ray could result in foot drop. Is this statement true or false?
Fibular neck fracture - true
Which bone articulates with the tibia and fibula at the ankle joint?
Talus
Where does the deltoid ligament lie?
On the medial aspect of the ankle
Which ligament would be most at risk of injury by a forced / excessive movement in direction B?
Deltoid
What is movement A? What is B?
A - inversion
B - eversion
The radiological feature highlighted in this X-ray is the:
Ankle mortice
The ankle joint is most stable in position A.
Is this true or false?
True
Which muscles move the ankle joint in direction A?
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior
Identify bone number 4.
Cuboid
A patient presented with sudden onset pain of the big toe, with no history of trauma. The toe appeared as shown below, and was extremely painful.
What is the most likely diagnosis, given the history and examination?
Gout
Which muscle inserts on region 5?
Fibularis brevis
Identify bone 6.
Lateral cuneiform
Tendon A belongs to which lateral compartment muscle?
Tendon fibularis longus
The skin in regions 1-3 is innervated by which nerve and its branches?
Tibial
The structures circled in the image are the deep fibular nerve and the dorsalis pedis artery.
Is this statement true or false?
True
What is the medical name for this condition?
Hallux valgus
Identify muscle 1.
Extensor digitorum brevis
Joint 3 is flexed by which muscle?
Flexor hallucis longus
Identify bone 2.
Navicular
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in a patient with this X-ray but no pain in the foot?
Sensory neuropathy –> Charcot’s foot
Identify muscle 1.
Abductor digiti minimi
Tendon 7 belongs to which muscle?
Flexor digitorum longus
Muscle 1 assists which other muscle?
FDL
Movement in the direction of A is a normal response to tactile stimulation of the skin on the sole of the foot.
Is this statement true or false?
True
Structure 4 is the remains of what?
Plantar aponeurosis (fascia)
How do the plantar interossei move the toes?
Adduct
Muscle 3 and the overlying region of skin are innervated by the:
Medial plantar nerve
The skin over the dorsum of the foot in region 2 is innervated by the:
Deep fibular nerve
Muscles 1 and 2 comprise the:
Adductor hallucis
The vessel circled is the:
Deep plantar arch
Is the medial longitudinal arch more or less pronounced than the lateral?
More pronounced
Muscle 3 is:
Flexor hallucis brevis
What are the circled structures?
terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery and the tibial nerve
This injury is most likely to occur as a result of:
Fall from a height onto the foot
In the foot, the artery that is being palpated in the image terminates as the:
this is the posterior tibial artery pulse - terminates as the medial and lateral plantar arteries
Identify muscle 3.
Flexor hallucis brevis
How does muscle A move the little toe?
This is flexor digiti minimi - flexes
The pathological changes seen in these X-rays are characteristic of which of the following conditions?
Gout
Identify muscle 2.
Flexor digitorum brevis
Identify muscle 4.
1st lumbrical
What is the action of muscle 1?
Abducts the 2nd toe
Tendon 6 belongs to which muscle?
Flexor hallucis longus
Most of the intrinsic muscles of the foot are innervated by which nerve?
Lateral plantar
