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MSS > leg, ankle and foot > Flashcards

leg, ankle and foot Flashcards

week 12

1
Q

What are the tarsus bones?

A

Calcaneus
talus
cubpid
navicular
medial cuneiform
lateral cuneiform
intermediate cuneiform

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2
Q

What are the three regions of bones in the foot?

A

Tarsus
Metatarsus
Phalanges

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3
Q

What are the joints of the foot and their TYPE

A

Tarsometatarsal (plane)
Metatarsophalangeal (hinge)
Proximal interphalangeal (hinge)
Distal Interphalangeal (hinge)

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4
Q

What muscles of the leg allow for toe flexion?

A

Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longs

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5
Q

What muscles of the leg allow for toe extension?

A

extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucius longus

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6
Q

What joints does flexion/extension occur at?

A

metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

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7
Q

What are the three arches of the foot?

A

Medial longitudinal arch

Lateral longitudinal arch

Transverse arch

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8
Q

what is the purpose of the arches of the foot?

A

Act as a spring

Bear weight of body

Shock absorption during locomotion

Makes feet adaptable to changes in surface

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9
Q

Planta aponeurosis (what and functions)

A

What
- deep fascia of the foot

function
-protects plantar surface
-holds part of the foot together
-supports longitudinall arches

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10
Q

What supports the arches

A

Plantar aponeurosis

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring)

Tendons of fibularis longus, tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

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11
Q

What are all the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg INNERVATED by?

A

deep fibular nerve

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12
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg.

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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15
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg? (sup and deep)

A

Sup
Gastrocemius
Soleus

Deep
Popliteus
Flexor hallucius longus
Flexor digitroum longus
Tibialis posterior

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16
Q

what are all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg innervated by?

A

Tibial nerve

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17
Q

what type of joint is the Talocrual Joint?

A

Synovial hinge joint

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18
Q

Articulation of Talocrucal Joint

A

sup surface of talus (trochlea) and distal end of tibia and fibula

19
Q

what are the two ligaments that stabilise the talocrural joint?

A

Lateral ligaments
medial/deltoid ligament

20
Q

What ligaments make up the lateral ligament of the talocrural joint?

A

Cancenofibular

21
Q

what position of the foot is most stable?

A

dorsiflexion

  • superior aspect of the trochlea is wider = increased bone congruity
    -tighter talo-fibular ligaments
22
Q

what muscles allow for dorsiflexion?

A

Anterior compartment of leg

23
Q

What muscles allow for plantarflexion?

A

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Tibialis posterior

Fibularis longus

Supported by: FDL and FH

24
Q

where is the Subtalar joint

A

articulation between talus and Calcaneus

25
Q

what two joints make up the

Transverse Tarsal joint:

A

Talocalcaneonavicular joint and calcaneocuboid joint

26
Q

What two movements occur at the transverse tarsal joint and what muscles do they use?

A

Inversion (Tibial’s anterior and posterior)

Eversion (fibularis longus and brevis)

27
Q

What are the contents of the Tarsal Tunnel?

A

Tom: Tibialis Posterior

Dick: F Digitorum Longus

And: Tibial artery

Very: Tibial Vein

Nervous= Tibial nerve

Harry: F Hallucis Longus

28
Q

what are the pulses of the foot

A

Posterior tibial artery

Dorsalis pedis

29
Q

What nerve wraps around the neck of the femur?

A

common fibular nerve

30
Q

What nerve innervates the medial part of the thigh?

A

Obturator

31
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the anterior part of the thigh?

A

femoral nerve

32
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the lateral part of the thigh?

A

Lateral cutaneous

33
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the posterior part of the thigh?

A

Sciatic and posterior cutaneous

34
Q

What nerve innervates (sensory) the medial/anterior and posterior

A

Saphenous

35
Q

what nerve innervates the upper lateral part of the leg?

A

common fibular

36
Q

What nerve innervates the lower lateral leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve

37
Q

What nerve innervates the dorsum?

A

Superficial fibular

38
Q

What nerve innervates the space between the big toe and second toe?

A

deep fibular nerve

39
Q

what nerve innervates the lateral foot?

A

sural nerve

40
Q

what nerve innervates the medial foot?

A

spahenphous

41
Q

what nerve innervates the heel and posterior sole?

A

tibial nerve

42
Q

What nerve innervates the medial sole?

A

Medial plantar nerve

43
Q

What nerve innervates the lateral sole?

A

lateral plantar nerve

44
Q

In which position is the talo-crural joint least stable. Why?

A

plantar flexion
talus us wedge-shaped and the anterior is wider than the posterior so provides more stability in dorsiflexion and leaves palmar vulnerable.

MSS (18 decks)

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