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OT 716 - Unit III > Lectures 29-30 > Flashcards

Lectures 29-30 Flashcards

1
Q

Five superficial bony landmarks of the neck

A
  • mastoid process
  • clavicles
  • acromion
  • mental protuberance
  • spine of scapula
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2
Q

Superficial neck muscles (3)

A
  • trapezius (CN XI)
  • sternocleidomastoid (mastoid process to process –> prox. clavicle and sternal manubrium; CN XI)
  • platysma (muscle of facial expression; CN VII)
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3
Q

External jugular vein begins on side of face, and comes from which two venous contributions?

A
  • retromandibular vein

- posterior auricular vein

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4
Q

External jugular continues across (and outside of) sternocleidomastoid and terminates in the…

A

subclavian vein

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5
Q

Four sensory branches of cervical plexus (VENTRAL primary rami)

A
  • lesser occipital nerve: anterior primary ramus of C2
  • great auricular nerve: anterior primary rami of C2 and C3
  • transverse cervical nerve: anterior primary rami of C2 and C3
  • supraclavicular nerve: anterior primary rami of C3 and C4
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6
Q

Lesser occipital nerve: anterior primary ramus of C2…

A

gives sensation to lower neck and head

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7
Q

Great auricular nerve: anterior primary rami of C2 and C3…

A

gives sensation to posterior ear and skin over parotid gland

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8
Q

Transverse cervical nerve: anterior primary rami of C2 and C3…

A

gives sensation to anterior/lateral neck

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9
Q

Supraclavicular nerve: anterior primary rami of C3 and C4…

A

gives sensation to skin over clavicle

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10
Q

Cervical lymph nodes (3 areas)

A
  • supramandibular/suboccipital nodes
  • deep cervical nodes
  • anterior cervical nodes
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11
Q

Posterior cervical triangle boundaries

A
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • upper trapezius
  • clavicle
  • deep cervical investing fascia
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12
Q

Posterior cervical triangle contents: muscles (4)

A
  • scalenes (anterior/middle/posterior)
  • levator scapulae
  • splenius capitis
  • omohyoid, inferior belly
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13
Q

What is the significance of the inferior belly of omohyoid muscle?

A

divides the posterior cervical triangle into occipital and subclavian triangles

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14
Q

What two triangles are formed WITHIN the posterior cervical triangle?

A
  • subclavian triangle

- occipital triangle

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15
Q

Posterior cervical triangle contents: nerves (6)

A
  • lesser occipital nerve
  • great auricular nerve
  • transverse cervical nerve
  • supraclavicular nerves
  • spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
  • 5 rami & 3 trunks of brachial plexus
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16
Q

Erb’s point

A

where 4 nerves emerge:

  • lesser occipital nerve
  • great auricular nerve
  • transverse cervical nerve
  • supraclavicular nerves
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17
Q

Posterior cervical triangle contents: blood vessels

A
  • subclavian vein

- subclavian artery

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18
Q

Anterior cervical triangle boundaries

A
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • mandible
  • midline of anterior neck
  • deep cervical investing fascial (roof)
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19
Q

Anterior cervical triangle contents: muscles

A
  • platysma
  • digastric (ant: V3; post: CN VII)
  • stylohyoid (CN VII)
  • suprahyoid muscles
  • infrahyoid muscles
20
Q

Suprahyoid muscles (2)

A
  • mylohyoid (V3)

- geniohyoid (C1 via hypoglossal nerve)

21
Q

Infrahyoid muscles/ “strap muscles” (4)

A
  • superior belly of omohyoid
  • sternohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
22
Q

What is the significance of the digastric and the superior bellow of omohyoid?

A

divide the anterior cervical triangle into 4 triangles

  • muscular
  • carotid
  • submandibular
  • submental
23
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles innervated by?

A
  • mostly motor branches from ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

- exception: thyrohyoid is innervated by C1 over hypoglossal nerve

24
Q

Anterior cervical triangle contents: visceral structures

A
  • larynx and its various cartilages and muscles
  • thyroid gland
  • parathyroid gland
  • cervical portion of trachea
25
Q

Parathyroid gland secretes…

A

hormones to bring up calcium levels in the blood

26
Q

Anterior cervical triangle: submandibular triangle borders (and contents)

A
  • anterior/posterior bellies of digastric
  • stylohyoid
  • body of mandible
  • (submandibular glands)
  • (facial artery)
27
Q

Anterior cervical triangle: submental triangle borders (and contents)

A
  • anterior belly of digastric

- hyoid body: line drawn down middle to make right/left triangles

28
Q

Anterior cervical triangle: carotid triangle borders (and contents)

A
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • stylohyoid
  • belly of digastric
  • superior belly of omohyoid
  • (omohyoid)
29
Q

Anterior cervical triangle: muscular triangle borders (and contents)

A
  • superior belly of omohyoid
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • imaginary line down median aspect of neck
  • (infrahyoid muscles)
30
Q

Two salivary glands and their drainage structures

A
  • parotid gland via parotid ducts (Stenson)

- submandibular gland via submandibular duct

31
Q

Location of submandibular gland

A

IN the submandibular triangle

32
Q

Location of parotid gland

A

PARTIALLY in carotid and submandibular triangles, and overlies lateral side of mandible

33
Q

Contents of carotid sheath

A
  • common carotid artery (medial position)
  • internal jugular vein (lateral position)
  • vagus nerve (posterior position)
34
Q

What two branches form the common carotid artery?

A
  • brachiocephalic artery (on RIGHT)

- aortic arch (on LEFT)

35
Q

Internal jugular vein

A
  • drains contents of cranial cavity

- terminates (w/ subclavian vein) to form brachiocephalic vein on both sides

36
Q

Anterior jugular veins

A
  • forms several small veins around chin
  • descend in muscular triangle
  • turn posteriorly and terminate in external jugular vein
37
Q

Ascending, which two arteries branch off of the common carotid artery?

A
  • internal carotid artery

- external carotid artery

38
Q

Where does the common carotid artery branch into internal/external carotid arteries?

A

superior level of thyroid cartilage (at about C4)

39
Q

Internal carotid artery supplies…

A

anterior circulation to the brain

40
Q

External carotid artery path

A

up side of skull (not in it) –> runs deep to mandible

41
Q

External carotid artery, through its branches, supply…

A
  • thyroid gland
  • tongue
  • side of face and head
42
Q

External carotid artery: anterior aspect branches

A
  • superior thyroid artery (thyroid gland)
  • lingual artery (tongue)
  • facial artery (external face)
43
Q

External carotid artery: posterior aspect branches

A
  • occipital artery (back of head)

- posterior auricular artery (behind the ear)

44
Q

External carotid artery: medial aspect branch

A

ascending pharyngeal artery (pharyngeal wall)

- note: 1st branch of external carotid artery

45
Q

External carotid artery: terminal aspect branches

A
  • superficial temporal artery (terminal branch; temporal area)
  • maxillary artery (terminal branch; gives rise to only branch that enters skull - middle meningeal artery - via infra temporal fossa)

OT 716 - Unit III (26 decks)

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