Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OT 716 - Unit III > Lectures 24-25: Part 1 > Flashcards

Lectures 24-25: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous System contains…

A
  • CNS
  • Brain
  • Spinal Cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System contains…

A
  • Nerves

- Ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rostral

A

Toward the front of the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cephalic

A

Toward the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CNS Development - 1st week following conception

A

Development of neural plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CNS Development - 2nd week following conception

A

Neural plate invaginates to form neural groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CNS Development - 3rd week following conception

A
  • Neural groove closes to form the neural tube
  • Neural crest cells form the dorsal root ganglia
  • Notochord forms the nucleus pulposus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary brain vesicles

A
  • Forebrain (prosencephalon)
  • Midbrain (mesencephalon)
  • Hindbrain (rhombencephalon)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(auxiliary) Brain vesicles - rostral to caudal

A
  • Cerebrum (telencephalon)
  • Thalamus & hypothalamus (diencephalon)
  • Midbrain (mesencephalon)
  • Cerebellum & pons (metencephalon)
  • Medulla (myelencephalon)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Brainstem consists of…

A
  • Midbrain (mesencephalon)
  • Pons (metencephalon)
  • Medulla (myelencephalon)
  • Fourth ventricle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The brainstem is connected to the cerebellum via…

A

3 cerebellar peduncles

  • superior
  • middle
  • inferior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Parts of the medulla

A
  • Pyramids (decussation)
  • Hypoglossal nerve
  • Olivary eminance
  • Spinal Accessory Nerve
  • Vagus Nerve
  • Glossophayngeal Nerve
  • Cuneate tubercle
  • Clava (gracile tubercule)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The Pyramids…

A
  • located on ventral side of medulla

- contain corticospinal fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parts of cerebellum

A
  • Anterior lobe
  • Posterior lobe
  • Vermis
  • Tonsils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cerebellum: anterior lobe

A

Receives input from spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cerebellum: posterior lobe

A

Receives input from cerebral cortex

20
Q

Cerebellum: vermis

A
  • Formed first

- Equilibrium and balance

21
Q

Cerebellum: tonsils

A

Squeeze brainstem during swelling, causing circulation to brainstem to stop

22
Q

<p>Brainstem Reticular Formation</p>

A

<p>- drive respiratory mechanism - help integrate cardiovascular reflexes - govern muscle tone, consciousness, and awareness</p>

23
Q

Brainstem Reticular Foramen: Ascending

A
  • Ascends up to Cerebral Cortex
  • Consciousness cells cycle (on/off)
  • can be altered by drugs, caffeine, and anesthesia
24
Q

Brainstem Reticular Foramen: Descending

A
  • Respiration cells cycle (on/off)
25
Q

Cerebellar lesions: Ataxia

A

gross lack of coordination and muscle movements

  • Truncal: trouble holding trunk upright
  • Gait: trouble walking
26
Q

Cerebellar lesions: Dysynergia

A

inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements

- intention tremor: tremor when trying to do something

27
Q

Cerebellar lesions: Dysmetria

A

lack of coordination by overshoot or undershoot of limb

- past pointing

28
Q

Diencephalan consists of…

A
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus
  • subthalamus
  • epithalamus
29
Q

Third ventricle is located…

A
  • between the thalamic lobes
  • hypothalamus as floor
  • corpus collosum as roof
30
Q

Thalamus

A
  • largest portion of diencephalan

- acts as a “relay station” for information to cerebral cortex

31
Q

Internal Medullary Lamina

A

Band of fibers seen in the thalamus that helps to separate the three different functional nuclear groups (relay, diffuse, association)

32
Q

Thalamus nuclear group: relay

A

carry general or special sensation from incoming systems to cerebral cortex; most specific

33
Q

Thalamus nuclear group: diffuse

A

carry information from the reticular formation to the relay nuclei (and hence to cerebral cortex); help to screen out excess info

34
Q

Thalamus nuclear group: association

A
  • interconnect various portions of the cerebral cortex with each other
  • helps you to know what incoming info is
  • 90% of nuclei are association nuclei; performs independently of the other two
35
Q

Massa intermedia

A

Gray matter bridging the third ventricle and connects two lobes of thalamus

36
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Integrating center for the autonomic nervous system

  • Anterior hypothalamus (parasympathetic responses)
  • Posterior hypothalamus (sympathetic responses)
37
Q

Hypothalamic Sulcus

A

Separates thalamus from hypothalamus

38
Q

Optic chiasm

A

Where optic nerve crosses

39
Q

Diaphragma Sellae

A

Dura Mater that covers pituitary gland as it passes through hypophyseal fossa

40
Q

Pituitary Gland: two parts

A
  • Anterior Pituitary (adenhypophysis)

- Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis)

41
Q

Anterior Pituitary

A
  • Hormone production and release regulated by hypothalamus
  • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
42
Q

Posterior Pituitary

A
  • Releases hormones produced by hypothalamus

- Oxytocin and vasopressin/antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

43
Q

Epithalamus

A
  • posterior to thalamus
  • houses pineal gland/body (secretes melatonin)
  • Regulates sleep/wake cycle, but calcifies in adolescence
44
Q

Subthalamus

A
  • houses subthalamic nucleus (refines voluntary movement)

- prevents dyskinesia

45
Q

Dyskinesia

A
  • “bad movement”
  • Hemiballismus
  • Parkinson’s disease (caused by degeneration of Substantia Nigra (SN))
46
Q

Where do the corticospinal fibers of the medulla cross?

A

at the pyramid decussation (so right brain can control left, and vice versa)

OT 716 - Unit III (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions