Lecture 28 Flashcards
Nose - External Features
- free tip
- root
- external nares (nostrils)
- ala
The external nares are separated by
septum
- anterior, cartilaginous part
- posterior, bony part
What does the posterior, bony part of the septum consist of?
- vomer
- perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
- perpendicular plate of palatine bone
- anterior nasal spine of maxillary bone
Bony framework of nose includes
- nasal bones
- frontal portions of maxially bones
- nasal portion of the frontal bone
In the cranium, the opening to the nose is…
the piriform fossa
Muscles of the nose include…
- nasalis (opens nostrils)
- depressor septi (stabilizes septum)
- levator palpebrae superioris alaque (scrunches nose)
Areas near nasal septum
- vestibule (airway of external nose)
- limen nasi (skin-to-mucus-membrane connection)
Floor of nasal cavity
- palatine processes of maxillary bone
- horizontal plates of palatine bone
Roof of nasal cavity
formed by cribiform plate
Nasal conchae/turbinate bones
- found on lateral walls of nasal cavity
- covered by mucous membrane (warms and humidifies air)
- superior and middle conchae (inferior is its own bone) are part of ethmoid bone
Meati (“passageways”)
- superior, middle, & inferior
- where nasolacrimal duct drains
Spheno-ethmoidal recess
where sphenoid sinus drains
Ethmoid bulla
- bulge lying underneath middle conchae
- caused by middle ethmoid air cells
Haitus semilunaris
cleft underneath middle conchae where maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, and anterior ethmoidal air cells drain
Opening for nasolacrimal duct
Lacrimal apparatus
Parts of lacrimal apparatus (7)
- lacrimal gland
- lacrimal lake
- lacrimal caruncle
- lacrimal papillae
- lacrimal canaliculi
- lacrimal sac
- nasolacrimal duct
Lacrimal gland
releases tears that migrate medially across conjunctiva
Lacrimal lake
collects tears
Lacrimal caruncle
red tissue lake
Lacrimal papillae
small bump on medial eyelid
Lacrimal canaliculi
ducts from puncta lacrimalia to lacrimal sac
Lacrimal sac
- upper dilated end of nasolacrimal duct
- connects lacrimal canaliculi to nasolacrimal duct
Nasolacrimal duct
- drains into nasal cavity
- runny nose!
Nasal cavity SENSE OF SMEEL is supplied by…
olfactory nerves
Nasal cavity SENSATION is supplied by…
branches of trigeminal nerve
What other innervation is also present in nasal cavity for control of secretions and blood flow?
Sympathetic/parasympathetic (by CN VII) innervation
Primary blood floor to nasal cavity is via the (direction) entering _______________ artery
- posteriorly
- sphenopalatine
Sphenopalatine artery branches
- anterior ethmoidal artery
- posterior ethmoidal artery
- greater palatine artery
- nasal branch of facial artery
What significance do the paranasal sinuses have?
- give resonance to the voice
- lighten the skull
Paranasal sinuses (4)
- maxillary sinuses (surround the nasal cavity)
- frontal sinuses (above the eyes)
- ethmoidal sinuses (between the eyes)
- sphenoidal sinuses (behind the ethmoids)
