Lecture 31 Flashcards
Philtrum
- lip dimple
- created by depressor septa muscles
Superior and Inferior Labial frenulum
attaches lip to gum
Lips are lined with…
- skin
- mucous
Major muscle surrounding lips
obicularis oris
Mouth extends from…
lips to palatoglossal fold
Mouth has two spaces/cavities
- oral cavity
- buccal cavity
Oral cavity
space medial to - and between - the teeth, and contains a tongue
Buccal cavity
- space between cheek, teeth, and gums
- buccinator makes up lateral wall of buccal cavity
- posteriorly attached to pterygomandibular raphe
Roof and floor of mouth
- roof: hard/soft palates
- floor: tongue
What covers sublingual glands?
sublingual fold
General sensory innervation of mouth is supplied by…
branches of trigeminal nerve (CN VII): V2 & V3
Lingual Frenulum
attachment of tongue to bottom of mouth
Teeth of children
20 deciduous teeth
- 4 incisors (each jaw)
- 2 canines (each jaw)
- 4 molars (each jaw)
Teeth of adult
32 permanent
- 4 incisors (each jaw)
- 2 canines (each jaw)
- 4 premolars (each jaw)
- 6 molars (each jaw)
Parts of the tongue
- body (blade)
- root
- median furrow
- foramen cecum
- papillae
Where did the thyroid gland begin?
Foramen cecum
Types of papillae on tongue
- filiform (small, cover anterior portion)
- fungiform (found on sides and tip of tongue)
- circumvalate (large, 8-12 in number in V-shape in front of foramen cecum)
- foliate (sides of tongue)
Intrinsic tongue muscles
- longitudinal, transverse, & vertical
- produce changes in shape
Extrinsic tongue muscles (w/ motor innervation)
- genioglossus (CN XII)
- hyoglossus (CN XII)
- styloglossus (CN XII)
- palatoglossus (CN X)
Taste and sensation innervation of tongue
- facial nerve (CN VII: anterior 2/3 for taste)
- glossopharyngeal (CN IX: posterior 1/3 for taste and general sensation)
- trigeminal (CN V: anterior 2/3 for general sensation)
Three salivary glands
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
Parotid gland
drains into mouth via parotid duct
Submandibular gland
drains into mouth at sublingual caruncle via submandibular duct
Sublingual gland
drains into mouth (BELOW tongue) via numerous sublingual ducts
Hard palate: formation
- maxillary palatine processes
- horizontal plate of the palatine bone
Hard palate: general sensation innervation
CN V (V2) –> greater palatine nerve
Soft palate: formation
- tensor veli palatini (CN V: V3 –> branch to medial pterygoid)
- levator veli palatini (CN X)
- palatopharyngeus (CN X)
- palatoglossus (CN X)
- musculus uvuli (CN X)
Soft palate: anatomical landmarks
- palatoglossal fold (arch)
- palatopharyngeal fold (arch)
- uvula
- palatine tonsils
Pharynx: three parts
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
Nasopharynx
behind nasal cavities; above soft palate
- pharyngeal tonsil
- opening of auditory tube
- tubal elevation w/ tubal tonsils
- innervated by CN V
Oropharynx
behind oral cavity
- palatoglossal/palatopharyngeal folds
- tonsillar recess (between folds)
- palatine and lingual tonsils
- innervated by CN IX
Laryngopharynx
- begins at epiglottis
- connects to esophagus
- innervated by CN X
Piriform recess
natural trap for food in laryngopharynx
Pharynx: primary muscles
pharyngeal constrictors - superior - middle - inferior (all innervated by pharyngeal plexus of CN X)
Pharynx: other muscles
- stylopharyngeus (CN IX)
- salpingopharyngeus (CN X)
- palatopharyngeus (CN X)
During swallowing…
- pharynx is elevated
- constrictors then push bolus down pharynx into esophagus
- pharynx is then depressed
Waldeyer’s tonsillar ring
tonsillar tissue surrounding entrance to pharynx
