Lectures 15 and 16

Question 1

attachement

Answer 1

strong affectionate tie we have for special people in our lives

Question 2

Bonding

Answer 2

psychological and emotional link between a mother and child at birth (PEL MC)

Question 3

Bowlby’s ecological theory of attachment stage 1

Answer 3

pre-attachment (birth-6 months)

Question 4

Bowlby’s ecological theory of attachment stage 2

Answer 4

attachment in the making (6 weeks-6 months)

Question 5

Bowlby’s ecological theory of attachment stage 3

Answer 5

clear cut attachment (8 months-2 years) - separation anxiety

Question 6

Bowlby’s ecological theory of attachment stage 4

Answer 6

formation of reciprocal relationship (18 months- 2 years and on)

Question 7

secure attachment

Answer 7

Use the parents as a secure base; actively seek contact with the parent when he or she returns (65%)

Question 8

Avoidant attachment

Answer 8

Seem unresponsive to the parent and are slow to greet the parent upon reunion (20%)

Question 9

Resistant attachment

Answer 9

Seek closeness to the parent and are distressed and angry when the parent returns (10%)

Question 10

Disorganized/Disoriented attachment

Answer 10

Pattern reflects the greatest insecurity. At reunion, these infants often show confused, contradictory behaviors. (5-10%)

Question 11

factors that affect attachment security

Answer 11

Opportunity for attachment
-Quality of caregiving
-Infant characteristics
-Family circumstances
-Parents’ internal working models

OQIFP

Question 12

Factors that affect attachment of children in childcare

Answer 12

-Initial Attachment Quality
-Family Circumstances
-Quality of Child Care
-Extent of Child Care
-Comprehensive programs

IFQEC

Question 13

what percent of children in North America grow up with at least one sibling?

Answer 13

80%

Question 14

Secure attachment during infancy….

Answer 14

does not ensure healthy life outcomes, but sets the
parent-child relationship on a “positive path.”

Question 15

healthy attachment is evident through

Answer 15

affection and security (AS)

Question 16

positive outcomes of infant attachment last through

Answer 16

childhood and adolescence

Question 17

continuity of caregiving determines

Answer 17

secure attachment

Question 18

Disorganized/disoriented (inconsistent) attachment is evident in

Answer 18

internalizing and externalizing problems (IEP)

Question 19

self world differentiation

Answer 19

driven by movement and control of the body (MCB)

Question 20

self recognition

Answer 20

the ability to identify themselves as a physically unique being

Question 21

influences on self awareness

Answer 21

-Acting on the immediate surroundings, exploring space and objects
-An intimate, supportive, and positive relationship with parents and caregivers.
-Appropriate and culturally sensitive child rearing goals

Question 22

self awareness leads to the understanding of, and

Answer 22

empathy for others

Question 23

from ages 12-18 months, children are

Answer 23

willingly compliant to the wishes and directions of adults and caregivers

Question 24

fro 18-24 months,

Answer 24

toddlers will assert themselves and show a strong desire for autonomy.

Question 25

at 3 years,

Answer 25

Children begin to demonstrate an ability for delayed gratification, with positive, supportive adult guidance.

Question 26

During the third, fourth and fifth
year of life…

Answer 26

children will gain approximately 2-3 inches in height
and 5 pounds of weight

Question 27

Between ages 2 and 6 years, children will
develop

Answer 27

45 new epiphyses

Question 28

epiphyses

Answer 28

growth centers where cartilage hardens into bone

Question 29

from 2-6 years…

Answer 29

the brain increases from 70% of it’s adult weight to 90%

Question 30

synaptic pruning occurs during

Answer 30

the preschool years

Question 31

handedness

Answer 31

reflects the greater capacity of one side of
the brain.

Question 32

reticular formation

Answer 32

maintains alertness and consciousness

MAC

Question 33

corpus callosum connects

Answer 33

the two hemispheres of the brain.

Question 34

corpus callosum function

Answer 34

Integration of perception, thinking, attention, memory, language and problem-solving. (PTAMLP)

Question 35

The lower position of any part of the human indicates

Answer 35

a “lower level” function and a drive for survival.

Question 36

The higher positions of any part of the human brain indicate

Answer 36

a high level of thinking, reasoning and problem solving. (TRP)

Question 37

pituitary gland

Answer 37

located at the base of the brain releases two growth hormones

Question 38

growth hormone (GH)

Answer 38

released from birth and effects all parts of the body, except the CNS and the genitals

Question 39

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Answer 39

prompts the thyroid gland in the neck to release thyroxine that is necessary for brain development and for GH to
impact overall growth.

Question 40

toddlers need how many hours of sleep?

Answer 40

12

Question 41

preschoolers need how many hours of sleep?

Answer 41

10

Question 42

The mortality rate for children under 15 years, in
developing nations is

Answer 42

15 times greater than in
industrialized nations

Question 43

leading causes of death (1-4 years)

Answer 43

1. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
2. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal
   abnormalities
3. Assault (Homicide

Question 44

leading causes of death (5-14 years)

Answer 44

1. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
2. Cancer
3. Intentional self-harm (suicide)

Question 45

methods of preventing child injury

Answer 45

1. Adult Supervision
2. Risk Identification
3. Design/Engineering
4. Regulation/
   Enforcement
5. Child Education

ARDRC