Hayley final

Question 1

Typical child development has periods of

Answer 1

progress, latency, and regression

Question 2

A theory of human development is a set of statements or frameworks that

Answer 2

explains and predicts behavior

Question 3

Example of case study

Answer 3

An example of a case study would be when a researcher follows one undergraduate teacher education candidate during her first four years of study, including student teaching and subsequently follows her during the first five years as a first-grade teacher

Question 4

playground survival english. or social language (same thing)

Answer 4

basic language ability required for face to face communication: this is called basic interpersonal communication skills

Question 5

specific time and duration is not a characteristic of

Answer 5

free play

Question 6

According to piaget, an example of functional play is when

Answer 6

a 3 year old child tightly holds a purple crayon in his fist as he draws heavy lines back and forth, repeatedly until the paper is concerned with lines

Question 7

According to Piaget, children are engaging in sociodramatic play when

Answer 7

three children are in the homemaking or kitchen center of their preschool classroom. They are pretending to prepare lunch. They make sandwiches out of paper and fill a teapot with water and pretend it’s coffee. They also grab dress-up clothing to get “dressed up for lunch”

Question 8

In early and middle childhood a child’s cognitive skills can be affected by:

Answer 8

Anoxia

Question 9

Corporal punishment

Answer 9

most widespread form of violence against children. Punishment in which physical force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or discomfort.

Question 10

At what are are children most likely to experience corporal punishment?

Answer 10

4

Question 11

An example of extension of children’s statements:

Answer 11

A kindergarten teacher wants to directly build children’s vocabularies during conversation and verbal exchanges with his/her students

Question 12

Visual literacy

Answer 12

A young child’s ability to recognize and understand the messages communicated in visual formats, as well as personal visual messages or expressions

Question 13

The risk of having a baby with down syndrome sharply rises after the age of

Answer 13

35

Question 14

example of longitudinal study

Answer 14

researcher studies and interviews the same subjects repeatedly at different stages of life ages, over a number of decades

Question 15

Dependent variables

Answer 15

factors and conditions that will change as a result of a condition that is intentionally changed by the investigator

Question 16

period of the embryo is the period of human gestation when…

Answer 16

teratogens can cause major structural abnormalities

Question 17

smoking/tobacco use during pregnancy is most often associated with..

Answer 17

low birth weight in newborns

Question 18

anxiety, short attention span, anger, aggression, and over-activity among children is often linked to

Answer 18

maternal emotional stress

Question 19

threshold for low birth weight in infants who have gone full term

Answer 19

5.5 pounds or 2500 grams

Question 20

reliability

Answer 20

accuracy with which a study can be repeated in the same or different forms and have similar results or findings

Question 21

example of a control, when referencing variables and validity

Answer 21

teacher posts a sign on her door letting people know that students are taking a test. She makes sure that each student has 3 sharpened pencils to avoid distraction of students getting up in the middle of the test. She also reads the directions at the beginning of the test.

Question 22

according to Piaget’s theory, the sensorimotor period ends with

Answer 22

talking

Question 23

Erik Erikson’s second “conflict” of his psychosocial

Answer 23

When toddler’s exert their will is autonomy vs shame

Question 24

fontanels

Answer 24

permit the bones to overlap during childbirth

Question 25

myleination

Answer 25

process by which neurons develop their sheath or outer coating that facilitates the transmission of messages

Question 26

marasmus

Answer 26

low essential nutrients in the daily diet

Question 27

reinforcer

Answer 27

increases the occurrence of a response

Question 28

infants first schemes are

Answer 28

sensorimotor action patterns

Question 29

affordances are the “action possibilities”:

Answer 29

opportunities for young children when they are able to move about and explore their surroundings. They can push, squeeze, taste, and grasp their objects

Question 30

accommodation is most likely to occur when

Answer 30

a child encounters something brand new, changes or adjusts their schemes

Question 31

example of disorganized/disoriented attachment

Answer 31

parent arrives at a childcare center to pick up their one year old and the infant appears to be confused, looking away with a flat emotional response.

Question 32

example of social referencing

Answer 32

when the child is playing with blocks at childcare and he regularly looks at his teacher sitting nearby who smiles and nods as he continues to build.

Question 33

an early childhood teacher’s top priorities are

Answer 33

the health, safety, and well being of the children

Question 34

during the preschool years, typical children gain

Answer 34

20% more brain mass

Question 35

corpus callosum

Answer 35

bundle of neural fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and integrates perception, thinking, attention, memory, language, and problem-solving

Question 36

Vygotsky would suggest that the development in art depends on

Answer 36

adult support or instruction to reach the later stages

Question 37

pre symbolism

Answer 37

the stage of art that is most evident during the preschool years

Question 38

thinking symbolically and intuitive learning happens in the

Answer 38

preoperational stage

Question 39

dual representation

Answer 39

viewing a symbolic object as both an object and symbol. Usually happens around the age of 3

Question 40

scaffolding children’s learning

Answer 40

according to Vygotsky’s theory, when adults or more sophisticated peers provide support for children as they learn

Question 41

development can be described as

Answer 41

being coached through difficult, but obtainable goals

Question 42

by age two, toddlers are approimxately

Answer 42

double their birth length and triple their birth weight