Lecture: The Digestive System Pt 2 Flashcards
Where is fecal matter temporarily stored?
The rectum
What is a colonoscopy and what is its purpose?
A camera is inserted through the anus up to the cecum to screen for colon cancer.
What is absorbed in the intestinal tract?
Water (unless diarrhea)
What is the function of the liver?
- filter the blood 2. detoxifies chemicals 3. secrete bile
Where is bile stored and concentrated?
The gallbladder
What are hepatocytes?
Cells of the liver
What do hepatocytes do?
Secrete bile
Where is bile stored?
In the gallbladder
How are carbohydrates digested?
- Mouth, salivary amylase 2. Duodenum, pancreatic amylase
How are proteins digested?
- Stomach via pepsin 2. Duodenum pancreatic trypsin
How are lipids digested?
In the duodenum, lipase
How are lipids emulsified?
Bile and Lipase created by the pancreas combine to emulsify lipids
Who is most at risk for gallstones?
FFF, Fair Female Fat
What are gallstones?
High levels of cholesterol or bilirubin, bile forms solid particles.
What is the removal of gallbladder called? What is a side effect?
A cholecystectomy. You can no longer digest fat.
How long is the rectum?
15 cm or 6 inches
What causes the urge to defecate?
Movement of fecal material into the rectum
What part of the rectum is under voluntary control?
The skeletal muscles of the external anal sphincter
What part of the rectum has smooth muscle cells?
The internal anal sphincter (no voluntary control)
Why does anal intercourse cause the highest contraction of HIV?
Because of the many glands that secrete fluid in the anus.
What is the only organ not included in the peritoneum?
The kidney is BEHIND the peritoneum.
How are most nutrients absorbed?
From the duodenum through the hepatic portal vein to the liver for filtering.
What does the good bacteria of the large intestine produce?
Vitamin K (blood coagulation)
What enzymes are exclusive to infants?
Rennin (for milk protein digestion)
