lecture exam 2

Question 1

functions of the integumentary system

Answer 1

Protection
Excretion
Thermoregulation
Production of proteins and vitamins
Storage
Sensory Reception

Question 2

Epidermis tissue type

Answer 2

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

Dermis tissue type

Answer 3

areolar tissue/ dense irregular connective tissue

Question 4

hypodermis tissue type

Answer 4

loose connective tissue/ adipose tissue

Question 5

Stratum Corneum

Answer 5

“horny layer”

Question 6

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 6

“clear layer”

Question 7

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 7

“grainy layer”

Question 8

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 8

“spiny layer”

Question 9

Stratum Basale

Answer 9

“basement layer”

Question 10

what layer of the dermis is most superficial

Answer 10

papillary

Question 11

composition and function of papillary layer

Answer 11

composed of areolar tissue. contains the capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and sensory neurons that supply and nourish the surface of the skin

Question 12

ductless gland that secrets hormones into interstitial fluid or bloodstream

Answer 12

endocrine gland

Question 13

secretes no-hormal substances onto external surfaces or internal passageways

Answer 13

exocrine gland

Question 14

alveolar gland that secretes onto skins surfaces

Answer 14

sebaceous gland

Question 15

distributed all over the surface of the body except nips, external genitalia, lips

Answer 15

sweat gland

Question 16

Secretions are enclosed in vesicles that move to the apical surface of the cell where the contents are released by exocytosis

Answer 16

merocrine

Question 17

secretory products accumulate near the apical portion of the cell

Answer 17

apocrine gland

Question 18

cell accumulates its secretory products and releases them by the rupture and destruction of entire gland cell

Answer 18

holocrine gland

Question 19

hypotonic filtrate of blood that passes through secretory cells of sweat

Answer 19

eccrine gland

Question 20

ceruminous gland

Answer 20

line external ear canal and secretes sticky, bitter substance called cerumen

Question 21

mammary gland

Answer 21

secretes milk

Question 22

mixture of triglycerides, cholesterol, proteins, and electrolytes that softens and lubricates hair and surrounding skin and also has anti-bacterial properties.

Answer 22

sebum

Question 23

medical condition characterized by a bluish coloration of the skin, resulting from sustained reduction of blood flow that decreases available oxygen and deepens the red coloration of hemoglobin.

Answer 23

Cyanosis

Question 24

what is the most common type of skin cancer?

Answer 24

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 25

common skin disorder that presents as a red, flaky rash.

Answer 25

Eczema

Question 26

Fingerprints are the ridge patterns in the thick skin on the surface of the fingertips. These ridges, known as ?

Answer 26

Dermal papillae

Question 27

located between epidermal cells, sensitive to touch

Answer 27

free nerve endings

Question 28

Found in deepest layer of epidermis extending into dermis and detect texture and steady pressure

Answer 28

Merkel cells

Question 29

Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 29

papillary layer. detect light, touch, pressure and vibration

Question 30

Found in both dermal layers and in hypodermis and detect deep pressure and vibration

Answer 30

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 31

projection of stratum corneum of the proximal nail fold that grows over the nail plate to form a thin structure.

Answer 31

Eponychium

Question 32

collection of muscles that will contract and cause hairs to become erect.

Answer 32

Arrector Pili

Question 33

what is the ABCDE rule? what does it detect?

Answer 33

Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving squamous cell carcinoma

Question 34

functions of bone

Answer 34

Support Protection Leverage Storage of Minerals Production of Blood Cells

Question 35

flat bone

Answer 35

thin, roughly parallel surfaces skull, sternum, ribs, scapula

Question 36

Wormian/Sutural

Answer 36

small, flat, irregularly shaped bones of the skull

Question 37

Long bone

Answer 37

long and slender arm, forearm, thigh, lower leg, palms, soles, fingers and toes

Question 38

Irregular

Answer 38

short, flat, notched

Question 39

Sesamoid

Answer 39

small, flat, oblonged

Question 40

Short

Answer 40

small and boxy

Question 41

The fossa of a bone is?

Answer 41

An Elongated basin

Question 42

what is a tuberosity?

Answer 42

A rough surface

Question 43

Diaphysis

Answer 43

long tubular shaft

Question 44

Epiphyses

Answer 44

end of bones

Question 45

Metaphysis

Answer 45

narrow zone that connects diaphysis to epiphysis

Question 46

Medullary Cavity

Answer 46

cavity within the shaft of a long bone that has bone marrow

Question 47

Periosteum

Answer 47

outtermost covering of bone

Question 48

Endosteum

Answer 48

internal membrane of bone made of connective tissue

Question 49

tunnel that penetrates the diaphysis and provides access for the blood vessels into the shaft of bone

Answer 49

Nutrient Foramen

Question 50

Metaphyseal Blood Vessels

Answer 50

carry blood to and from area of the metaphysis to epiphysis

Question 51

Articular Cartilage

Answer 51

covers portions of the epiphysis that articulate with other bones

Question 52

basic structural and functional unit of bone consisting of bone cells organized around a central canal

Answer 52

Osteon

Question 53

runs parallel to the axis of bone and located in the middle of each osteon

Answer 53

Central Canal

Question 54

passageways that extend perpendicular to the axis of bone and connect central canals of adjacent osteons

Answer 54

Perforating Canals

Question 55

nested, concentric rings of matrix surrounding central canal

Answer 55

Lamellae

Question 56

open space that houses mature bone cells

Answer 56

Lacunae

Question 57

narrow crevices that penetrate the lamellae and connect the lacunae to the central canal

Answer 57

Canaliculi

Question 58

mature bone cells

Answer 58

Osteocytes

Question 59

immature bone cells

Answer 59

Osteoblasts

Question 60

mesenchymal cells

Answer 60

Osteoprogenitor Cells

Question 61

bone digesting cells

Answer 61

Osteoclasts

Question 62

the term for the formation of bone

Answer 62

Ossification

Question 63

the term for the formation of a long bone

Answer 63

Endochondral Ossification

Question 64

the term for the formation of flat bone

Answer 64

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 65

the term for lengthening of bones

Answer 65

Longitudinal Growth

Question 66

the term for widening of bones

Answer 66

Appositional Growth

Question 67

replaces hyaline cartilage with bone and lengthens growth in puberty makes long, short and irregular bones

Answer 67

endochondrial ossification

Question 68

stem cells transform into osteoblasts in connective tissue most flat bones of skull

Answer 68

intramembranous ossification