lab 3 - digestive Flashcards
epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
layers of the mucosa
Inner lining of digestive
tract
mucosa
Dense irregular connective tissue, Surrounds mucosa layer
submucosa
Support, protection
and nutrition to other
layers
functions of submucosa
Smooth muscle Arranged in 2 layers: Inner circular layer, Outer longitudinal layer Contains nerves: Myenteric plexus
Muscularis Externa
Responsible for motility and
peristalsis
functions of muscular externa
Outer covering; found in
areas with peritoneum
serosa
Outer covering of oral
cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and rectum
adventitia
mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, lubrication, sensory analysis
functions of the oral cavity
soft/hard palates, tongue
oral cavity
passageway for food/
liquids, and air, Connects oral cavity to esophagus
pharynx
assit in swallowing
function of pharynx
Hollow, muscular tube, Carries solids and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
Undigested food is
temporarily stored,Located in upper left abdominal cavity, Connects esophagus to small intestines
stomach
funds, cardia, body, pylorus
regions of the stomach
Superior, dome portion
fundus
Stomach-esophageal
junction
cardia
Between the fundus and
the “curve”
body
Narrow region before
small intestines
pylorus
Ridges and folds in relaxed stomach; allows expansion
rugae
Smooth muscle between stomach and duodenum, Guards exit of stomach
pyloric sphincter
Extra layer of smooth muscle
in muscular external, Inner most layer
oblique layer
forms the long, convex, lateral border of the stomach
greater curvature
forms the shorter, concave, medial surface of the stomach
lesser curvature
Begins at pyloric
sphincter; Curves
around head of
pancreas
duodenum
Receives stomach
contents, pancreatic
juice and bile
duodenum
Most digestion and
nutrient absorption
occur here
Jejunem
Next 8 ft. (in upper
abdomen), Tall circular folds;
prominent villi, thick, muscular walls
jejunem
No prominent border b/t
jejunum, Smaller circular folds and villi compared to jejunum
lieum
Ends at ileocecal
junction with large
intestine, last 12ft in lower abdomen
ileum
Has peyer’s patches, Clusters of lymphatic nodules, Some reabsorption, Vitamins, bile salts,
some nutrients
ileum functions
Transverse folds of the
mucosa and submucosa layers
Circular folds (Plicae
circulares)
Fingerlike projections of the
mucosa, contain blood vessels and
lymphatics, Nutrient absorption
villi
Extensions of the epithelial cell
surface, absorption
microvilli
Lymphatic capillaries in villi, Absorb fat
lacteals
First section of LI, Receives digested contents of small intestines, Contains Vermiform
Appendix
cecum
Absence of villi, Presence of goblet cells, Deep intestinal crypts/glands
colon
Last portion of the digestive tract, Storage of feces, Terminates at the anal canal
rectum
Exit point for feces, wastes and
undigested remains
anal cavity
Regulates food entering
large intestines, Prevents feces from entering small intestines
ileocecal valve
Control defecation
through anus
internal/ external sphincter
attaches stomach to liver
lesser omentum
covers small intestines
greater omentum
holds colon
mesocolon
holds small intestines to posterior wall
mesentery proper
