blood Flashcards
functions or circulatory system
transport, protect, regulation
transportation
O2, CO2, nutrients, waste, hormones, heat
protection
WBCs, antibodies, platlets
regulation
fluid regulation and buffering
heart, vessels and blood
circulatory system
study of blood
hematology
heart and vessels
cardiovascular system
pH and ion levels, fluid distribution, restrict fluid loss, body temp
blood regualtion
toxins and pathogens
defense
fluid matrix
plasma
living blood cells and platelets, RBC, WBC
formed elements
females - average 4-5L
plasma level
males- average 5-6 L
plasma level
pH7.4
pH level of plasma
accounts for about 55% of blood volume
plasma
water, proteins, solutes
3 major components of plasma
concentration of dissolved O2 and proteins is higher than tissue fluid
water plasma
albumin, globulin, fibrinogen
plasma proteins
60%, transport, pH buffer, viscosity and osmotic pressure of blood
albumins
“antibodies” attack foreign proteins and pathogens
immunoglobulins
bind ions, hormones and other compounds
transport globulins
convert to fibrin during blood clotting, remove fibrinogen from blood and leaves serum
fibrinogen
enzymes, hormones
regulatory substances
glucose and other sugars, amino acids, lipids, vitamins and minerals
plasma nutrients
matrix of blood (confirmed elements)
plasma
plasma without clotting factors, uses blood typing, lab test, blood therapy
serum
total amount of RBCs in blood
hematocrit
resistance to flow
whole blood 5x as vicious as water
viscosity
total molarity of dissolved particles
osmolarity
more solute in blood
causes fluid absorption into blood and raises BP
high osmolarity
less solutes in blood
causes fluid to remain in tissues resulting in edema
low osmolarity
lack organelles, biconcave shape, life span of 120 days
RBCs
pick up O2 from lungs, pick up CO2 from tissues
RBCs
reversibly binds an oxygen molecule
heme
how many hemes per hemoglobin?
4
2 alpha chains, 2 beta chains
polypeptide subunits in globular protein
life span of 100-120 days
hemoglobin
loss of organelles, bi-concave, no nucleus, ribosomes mitochondria
hemoglobin
transports O2 tissues, cannot repair damage due to loss of nucleus
hemoglobin
replaces at a rate of 3 million new blood cells per second
hemoglobin
blood cell formation
hemopoiesis
circulating hemopoietic stem cells that divide to form all types of blood cells
hemocytoblasts
formation of new red blood cells
erythropoeisis
production of ribosomes, synthesis of hemoglobin, ejection of nucleus
erythroblast phases
speeds up process of RBC production
erythropoietin (EPO)
final stage before mature RBC
reticulocyte
bone marrow not responding
low reticulocyte count
abnormal production of bone marrow
high reticulocyte count
transported through blood and taken to liver
bilirubin
excess of RBCs
polycythemia
prevents blood loss through vessel walls
hemostasis
vascular spasm, platlete plug, coagulation
3 phases of hemostasis
conversion of fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin
coagulation
factors released by damaged tissues begin cascade
extrinsic pathway
factors found in blood that begin cascade
intrinsic pathway
