lab 3 - respiratory/urinary

Question 1

humidify, warm, filter, and act as a conduit for inspired air, as well as protect the respiratory tract through the use of the mucociliary system

Answer 1

nasal cavity

Question 2

3 folds of tissue on lateral
walls of nasal cavity

Answer 2

conchae/turbinates

Question 3

Superior portion of the
pharynx, Lined with Pseudostratified
epithelium, Contains pharyngeal
tonsils and auditory tubes

Answer 3

nasopharynx

Question 4

Middle portion of the
pharynx, Contains palatine and
lingual tonsils
Oropharynx, Stratified
squamous epithelium

Answer 4

oropharynx

Question 5

Inferior portion of the
pharynx, Stratified
squamous epithelium, Esophagus begins here

Answer 5

Laryngopharynx

Question 6

voice box, Sound production

Answer 6

larynx

Question 7

superior, Diverts food/water
away from airway,Composed of elastic cartilage

Answer 7

epiglottis

Question 8

Opening within larynx, Formed by two sets of folds, Sound

Answer 8

Glottis

Question 9

Inferior to Thyroid
cartilage, Connects larynx to
trachea, Form posterior portion
of larynx

Answer 9

cricoid

Question 10

windpipe, Branches into right and left primary bronchi, ciliated
pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 10

trachea

Question 11

3 lobes, Superior, middle, and
inferior, Separated by
horizontal and oblique
fissures

Answer 11

right lung

Question 12

2 lobes, Superior and inferior, Separated by an oblique fissure

Answer 12

left lung

Question 13

cavity on lungs

Answer 13

visceral

Question 14

lines rib cage

Answer 14

parietal

Question 15

Branch to form Secondary bronchi (lobar), 1 secondary bronchus goes to each lobe

Answer 15

primary bronchi

Question 16

Branch to form Tertiary bronchi (segmental)

Answer 16

secondary bronchi

Question 17

Eventually branch into Bronchioles, supplies air to a single bronchopulmonary segment

Answer 17

tertiary bronchi

Question 18

Tubes that bring air into and out of lung

Answer 18

bronchial tree

Question 19

Tiny air-filled
pockets within
the lungs where
all gas exchange
takes place

Answer 19

alveoli

Question 20

Chambers connected to many
individual alveoli

Answer 20

alveolar sacs

Question 21

Make up the walls of the
alveoli, Thin, delicate, 95% of alveolar surface area

Answer 21

type 1 alveolar cells

Question 22

“Great Alveolar” cells, Secrete surfactant, Repair damaged epithelium

Answer 22

type 2 alveolar cells

Question 23

dust cells, Monitor alveolar
environment, Engulf particles and
pathogens

Answer 23

macrophages

Question 24

Thin membrane where gas
exchange takes place between
alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

Answer 24

respiratory membrane

Question 25

Surrounded by elastic fibers, Have extensive networks of pulmonary capillaries

Answer 25

alveoli

Question 26

Measures total amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled

Answer 26

spirometry

Question 27

A “normal respiratory cycle”, Volume of air in one quiet breath

Answer 27

tidal volume

Question 28

air in excess of tidal expiration that can be exhaled with maximum effort

Answer 28

expiratory reserve volume

Question 29

air in excess of tidal inspiration that can be inhaled with maximum effort

Answer 29

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 30

Air remaining in alveoli after maximal exhalation Pulmonary Volumes

Answer 30

residual volume

Question 31

Total amount of air that can be exhaled with effort after maximum inspiration

Answer 31

vital capacity

Question 32

expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 32

vital capacity

Question 33

Maximum amount of air lungs can hold

Answer 33

total lung capacity

Question 34

vital capacity + residual volume

Answer 34

total lung capacity

Question 35

go back to respiratory/ pleural membrane

Question 36

Outer layer, Lighter color

Answer 36

cortex

Question 37

Inner layer, Darker color, “Pyramids

Answer 37

medulla

Question 38

Outer, Superficial portion of kidney, Reddish brown and granular

Answer 38

renal cortex

Question 39

6 to 18 distinct triangular structures of the medulla

Answer 39

renal pyramids

Question 40

Tips of medullary pyramids, Project into renal sinus

Answer 40

renal papilla

Question 41

Multiple (4-5) form a major calyx

Answer 41

minor calyx

Question 42

2-3 form the renal pelvis

Answer 42

major calyx

Question 43

Large, funnel-shaped chamber, Consists of 2 or 3 major calyces

Answer 43

renal pelvis

Question 44

Point of entry for renal artery and renal nerves, Point of exit for renal vein and ureter

Answer 44

Hilum

Question 45

filtration, reabsorption, secretion

Answer 45

nephron functions

Question 46

Ball of capillaries located in Nephron

Answer 46

Glomerulus

Question 47

Glomerular capsule, Double layered structure that surrounds glomerulus

Answer 47

Bowmans capsule

Question 48

First portion of the tubule that receives filtrate

Answer 48

proximal tubule

Question 49

Coiled tube immediately following loop of Henle

Answer 49

distal tubule

Question 50

Carries tubular fluid away from nephron, Begins in cortex and descends into medulla

Answer 50

collecting ducts

Question 51

U-shaped portion of the tubule; Found primarily in the medulla

Answer 51

loop of henle

Question 52

Transport urine from kidneys to the bladder

Answer 52

ureters

Question 53

Temporarily stores urine until micturition

Answer 53

bladder

Question 54

Openings of 2 ureters and 1 urethra, Forms a triangular region

Answer 54

trigone

Question 55

contract during urination to push the urine out of the bladder and into the urethra

Answer 55

detrouser muscle

Question 56

Mucosa, Middle layer of spongy tissue, outer muscular coat

Answer 56

layers of the female urethra

Question 57

Mucous membrane and a muscularis

Answer 57

two layers of the male urethra

Question 58

Smooth muscle; involuntary

Answer 58

internal urethral sphincter

Question 59

control elimination of urine through the urethra

Answer 59

Urethral sphincters

Question 60

Skeletal muscle; voluntary

Answer 60

external urethral sphincter

Question 61

Muscular tube, Extends from oral cavity to anus

Answer 61

GI tract