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Medical Terminology > Lecture Ch.3 + More > Flashcards

Lecture Ch.3 + More Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ligament means

A

bone 2 bone 🦴

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2
Q

tendon means

A

bone 2 muscle 💪

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3
Q

protuberances are.. and where?

A

bulging areas of body around occipital area

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4
Q

an injury swells after ..

A

24-48 hrs

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5
Q

lateral malleolus also means

A

ankle roll

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6
Q

when does a thrombus become an embolus?

A

when it moves 🚶

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7
Q

flow of deoxygenated blood to lungs?

A

right atrium > right ventricle> pulmonary arteries > lungs

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8
Q

degeneration of articular surfaces causes

A

arthritis

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9
Q

osteoarthritis is also called

A

wear and tear 😢

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10
Q

why is a fracture to the growth plate bad?

A

affects growth

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11
Q

what should a pancytopenic pt. have done?

A

bone marrow bx 🦴

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12
Q

where is a bone marrow bx taken from?

A

iliac crest

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13
Q

intramembranous bones begin as

A

sheet of connective tissue 🦴

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14
Q

endochondral bones begin as

A

cartilage

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15
Q

broad and flat bones are ___

A

intramembranous

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16
Q

a baby age can be determined by

A

femur

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17
Q

children’s bones are

A

cartilaginous

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18
Q

Paget’s disease means

A

overproduction of bone in some areas

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19
Q

process of bones growth?

A

cartilaginous > periosteum > compact > medullar > epiphyseal plates > articular cartilage and remnants

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20
Q

osteocytes are ____ cells

A

mature

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21
Q

height at ___ yrs old projects adult height

A

2.5 yrs

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22
Q

absence of vit. D causes

A

low absorbance in small intestine > RICKETs (kid 🧒) disease and osteomalacia in adults (👨)

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23
Q

vitamin A is for

A

osteoblasts/clasts development; no V. A causes low dev.

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24
Q

vitamin C is for

A

collagen synthesis; no V. C causes low dev.

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25
Q

no growth hormone causes..

A

pituitary dwarfism (GHD growth hormone deficiency)

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26
Q

high growth hormone causes ..

A

gigantism; acromegaly in adults

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27
Q

epiphyses are done at what age?

A

25

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28
Q

which demographic is at high risk for osteoporosis ? (include med. )

A

post-menopausal caucasian women

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29
Q

teratogen is

A

something that negatively affects baby 👶

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30
Q

why must blood supply be joined

A

to pit sealed surfaces 2gether

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31
Q

meatus means

A

opening

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32
Q

first step for x rays is to find wut?

A

anatomical landmarks

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33
Q

osteocalcin does wut?

A

binds calcium in bones

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34
Q

axial means

A

vertical axis of body 🦴

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35
Q

appendicular means

A

other bones to move around

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36
Q

ex of flat bone?

A

scapula

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37
Q

irregular bone ex?

A

vertebrae

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38
Q

spongy bone ex?

A

trabeculae

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39
Q

osteons are..

A

cylindrical 2 bone

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40
Q

central canals ex?

A

lacunae

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41
Q

bone remodeling process?

A

osteons> central canals>osteoblasts>osteoclasts>resorption

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42
Q

eyebrow is part of which bone?

A

frontal

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43
Q

alveolar margins are located..

A

near tooth sockets

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44
Q

concha means

A

in nose 👃

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45
Q

opioid epidemic bc of

A

oxycontin

46
Q

fentanyl is used for

A

terminal cancer pts.

47
Q

diaphragm is.. (location)

A

raised higher on L

48
Q

name components of x-ray pic

A

black = air white = bone/tissue

49
Q

what is cilia and its fxn?

A

nose hair that keeps debris out nose👃

50
Q

what measures how well a pt. is breathing?

A

incentive spherometer

51
Q

how often do we get a new skelly?

A

every 7-10 yrs

52
Q

what is a plexus

A

bundle of nerves in spine

53
Q

____ can cause a lawsuit

A

celebral palsy

54
Q

baby has ___ arteries and ___ veins

A

2; 1

55
Q

APGAR stands for

A

appearance pulse grimace activity respiration

56
Q

NSAID stands for

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

57
Q

what is used to treat carpal tunnel

A

NSAIDS

58
Q

____ mg is baby aspirin, _____ mg is normal

A

81; 325

59
Q

what are the things used for bloodclots

A

morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerine, heparin

60
Q

heparin is an ___ drug

A

anticoagulant

61
Q

LVAD means

A

left ventricular assist device

62
Q

nurse-patient ratio for med-surg, telemetry, ICU, post-surgical, and heart transplant?

A

7-8;4-5;2;1;1

63
Q

where bones grow on growth plates

A

epiphyseal disks

64
Q

repair of bone fractures in order?

A

hematoma formation> fibrocartilage callus formation> bony callus formation> bone remodelling

65
Q

compression Fx means

A

bone pressed on itself

66
Q

depression Fx means

A

bone pressed inward

67
Q

impacted Fx

A

broken bone ends pushed into each other

68
Q

tissured Fx

A

crack in bone

69
Q

________ remains in bone after healing

A

calcification line

70
Q

cue-counter-cue means

A

whiplash

71
Q

____ fixation is permanent ____ fixation is temporary

A

internal; external

72
Q

most common inorganic salt

A

CaPO4

73
Q

hormones from ___ and ____ regulate inorganic salts

A

parathyroid; thyroid

74
Q

formation of RBC in order

A

yolk sac> liver/spleen > red marrow in various bones 🦴

75
Q

4 types of synovial joints

A

hinge, metacarpal, pivot, saddle

76
Q

C1 is known as

A

altas

77
Q

C2 is known as

A

axial > dens

78
Q

bone that doesnt articulate

A

hyoid

79
Q

low Ca means increase in ..

A

parathyroid hormone

80
Q

high Ca means…

A

calcitonin (thyroid)

81
Q

pronation means

A

face backward

82
Q

rotation means

A

whole

83
Q

circumation means

A

distal

84
Q

eversion means

A

lateral plantar

85
Q

inversion means

A

medial plantar

86
Q

paranasal sinuses are…

A

hollow portions to lighten skull 💀 amplifies voice

87
Q

postnasal sinuses cause…

A

drip at back of throat

88
Q

periorbital swelling

A

puffy eyes

89
Q

which fontanel is last

A

anterior

90
Q

UTI can cause

A

rapid memory loss

91
Q

women with IVF can cause

A

bad breastfeeding

92
Q

a baby should sleep..

A

on back

93
Q

female pelvis is more _____ shaped

A

heart

94
Q

hyaline cartilage is in.. (3)

A

ribs, nose trachea

95
Q

fibro cartilage is in… (3)

A

intervertebral disks, joint capsules, ligaments

96
Q

elastic cartilage is in… (3)

A

external ear, epiglottis, larynx

97
Q

_____ pituitary gland produces the most …

A

anterior; hormones

98
Q

the posterior pituitary gland is responsible for…

A

antidiuretics, oxytocin

99
Q

why does alcohol cause a hangover

A

bc its a diuretic

100
Q

name the degrees of rheumatologists, physical therapists, and podiatrists

A

MD; DPT; DPM

101
Q

what are nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral region called

A

cauda equina

102
Q

a hallux vagus is also called ___

A

bunion

103
Q

diabetics have ____ which is why they can be ____

A

neuropathy; blind

104
Q

BBB stands for

A

blood brain barrier

105
Q

med. term for a stiff neck?

A

nucal rigidity

106
Q

term for stiff neck due to sleep?

A

torticollis

107
Q

lumbar puncture is in..

A

L3/L4

108
Q

sarcoma means

A

soft tissue cancer

109
Q

DEXA stands for

A

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

110
Q

signs of hemolysis in blood sample?

A

blood mixes w plasma (PINK)

111
Q

myeloma is in ___ cells

A

plasma

112
Q

DMARDS stands for

A

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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