Lecture 9: Trigeminal Nerve (V) and Facial Nerve (VII) Flashcards
What number is the trigeminal nerve?
V
What is CN V?
Trigeminal Nerve
What is the function of the trigeminal nerve?
Sensory information to the face and motor to the jaw
What is CN VII?
Facial Nerve
What CN is the facial nerve?
CN VII
What is the function of the Trigeminal Nerve V?
Sensory innervation to the face and motor innervation to the jaw
What is the function of the facial nerve?
Motor innervation to the face
What are the three divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve V?
V1 - Ophthalmic
V2 - Maxillary
V3 - Mandibular
Where does the V1- Ophthalmic exit the skull?
The Superior Orbital Fissure
Where does V2 - Maxillary exit the skull?
The Foramen Rotundum
Where does V3 - Mandibular exit the skull?
The Foramen ovale
Where on the brain stem does the trigeminal nerve exit?
The pons
What nerve provides all sensation of the face?
The trigeminal nerve
What does V1 - Ophthalmic branch do?
Supplies sensation to the forehead
What does V3 - Mandibular branch do?
Supplies sensation and motor to the mandible
What does V2 - Maxillary branch innervate?
The cheek and upper teeth area
What are the two main functions of the Trigeminal Nerve (V)?
*Sensation and proprioception and pain/temperature information from the head
*Motor - Controls the muscles of mastication
What kind of nerve is V1 - Opthalamic?
Pure sensory
What kind of nerve is V2 - Maxillary?
Pure sensory
What kind of nerve is V3 - Mandibular?
Motor and Senory
What is the function of V1?
Sensation to the eye and forehead
What is the function of V2?
Sensory to the cheek and upper teeth
What is the function of V3?
Sensation to the mandible and lower teeth
Motor to the muscles of mastication
What is the trigeminal ganglion?
A collection of cell bodies in the PNS that house cell bodies of the trigeminal sensory afferents
What areas does v1 provide sensation for?
*Skin to forehead and scalp
*Upper eyelid, tip of the nose
*Cornea and nasal cavity
*Paranasal air sinuses (frontal)
*Regulates corneal reflex
Through what branch does V1 supply sensation to the forehead and scalp?
The Supraorbital nerve
What is the Supraorbital nerve do?
The branch of V1 that supplies sensation to the ophthalmic division
What nerve regulates the corneal reflex?
V1
What nerves travel through the superior orbital fissure?
CN III
CN IV
CN VI
CN V1
What areas does the V2 supply?
*Maxillary air sinus
*General sensation to nasal cavity
*Lower eyelid, skin of cheek, upper lip
*Maxillary (upper) teeth and gums
What kind of nerve is V2?
Pure sensory
What nerve causes a toothache?
V2
What is the main branch of V2?
The infraorbital nerve
What kind of nerve is V3?
Sensory and Motor
What is the main branch of CN V?
V3
What are the sensory functions of V3?
*Sensation to lower lip, skin of mandible, chin
*Sensation to mandibular teeth and gums (inferior alveolar nerve)
*Sensation to Ant 2/3 of the tongue
What are the two main branches of the sensory portion of V3?
Inferior alveolar nerve
Lingual nerve
What does the inferior alveolar nerve do?
Supplies sensation to the mandibular teeth and gums
What does the lingual nerve do?
Supply sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
What does the lingual nerve hitchhike on?
The chorda tympani which carries taste to the anterior 2/3 of the the tongue from CN VII
What is the general nerve pathway from V1, V2 and V3?
- Sensory information from the V1, V2 or V3 is sensed
- It then goes to the trigeminal ganglion (does not synapse
- Synapses at a nucleus of the brainstem (which nucleus depends on the sensation)
- It then synapse at the VPM (ventral posteromedial nucleus) of the thalamus
- Then to the Contralateral primary sensory cortex