Lecture 9 - reproductive system development Flashcards

1
Q

from which embryological germ layer is the reproductive system derived

A

intermediate mesoderm

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2
Q

the intermediate mesoderm swells to form the

A

urogenital ridge

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3
Q

urogenital ridge differentiates into

A

genital ridge and nephrogenic cord/ridge

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4
Q

outline the migratory oath that the primordial germ cells take to reach the genital (gonadal) ridges

A

wall of yolk sac > dorsal mesentery > gonadal ridge

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5
Q

which week does the primordial germ cells reach the gonadal ridge

A

6-7 week

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6
Q

genetic sex of an individual determined at

A

fertilization

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7
Q

gonad development begins with a __ stage

A

indifferent stage

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8
Q

gonads do not begin to acquire specific morphological characteristics (male/female) until the __ week

A

7th week

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9
Q

what are the two ducts shared by male/female genital systems during indifferent phase

A
mesonephric (Wolffian) duct
and paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct
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10
Q

if embryo genetically male, primordial germ cells carry __ chromosome complex

A

XY

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11
Q

Y chromosome house __ gene which encodes for tests-determining factor (TDF)

A

SRY

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12
Q

the testis cords are composed of what two components

A

primitive germ cells and sertoli cells (sustentacular cells)

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13
Q

sertoli cells produce what hormone

A

anti-mullerian hormone or mullerian inhibiting substance

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14
Q

which hormone inhibits female genital ducts from forming

A

anti-mullerian hormone

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15
Q

__ cells lie in between testis cords and produce testosterone

A

Leydig cells

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16
Q

in male, most of __ duct persists, forming main genital ducts

A

mesonephric (wolffian) duct

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17
Q

testosterone, produced by Leydig cells, stimulates __ to develop

A

genital ducts

18
Q

paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts degenerate under the influence of

A

AMH/MIS (anti-mullerian hormone)

19
Q

the testes develop __ in the abdomen

A

retroperitoneally

20
Q

which abdominal muscle does NOT contribute a layer covering the testis

A

transversus abdominis m.

21
Q

as the testis descends through inguinal ring, it gets covered by

A

processus vaginalis
- visceral and parietal layer of tunica vaginalis

transversalis fascia (internal spermatic fascia)

internal abdominal oblique muscle (cremasteric fascia and muscle)

external oblique muscle (external spermatic fascia

22
Q

as the testis descends through inguinal ring, it gets covered by ___,visceral and parietal layer of tunica vaginalis

A

processus vaginalis

23
Q

as the testis descends through inguinal ring, it gets covered by ___, internal spermatic fascia

A

transveralis fascia

24
Q

as the testis descends through inguinal ring, it gets covered by ___, cremasteric fascia and muscle

A

internal abdominal oblique m.

25
as the testis descends through inguinal ring, it gets covered by ___, external spermatic fascia
external abdominal oblique muscle
26
the surface epithelium in the developing ovary gives rise to second generation of cords known as the ___ cords
cortical cords
27
eipthelial cells surrounding an oogonium are called
follicular cells
28
oogonium + follicular cells =
primordial follicle
29
which duct persists in the female
paramesonephric duct or Mullerian duct
30
in the presence of estrogen and absence of testosterone and AMH, which ducts develop and which degenerate
paramesonephric (mullerian) ducts develop mesonephric ducts degenerate
31
paramesonephric ducts develop into
main female genital ducts -uterine tube uterine canal
32
where does lower portion of vagina arise from
urogenital sinus
33
paramesonephric ducts give rise to uterine tube and uterine canal, the uterine canal then forms into __,__,__
corpus of uterus cervix upper portion of vagina
34
upper portion of vagina derived from uterine canal which is ___ germ layer
mesoderm
35
lower portion of vagina derived from urogenital sinus which is __ germ layer
endoderm
36
during 3rd week, mesenchymal cells from primitive streak migrate around cloacal membrane to form __ folds. crainal to cloacal membrane, folds unit to form __ caudally, folds subdivide into __ and __
cloacal folds genital tubercle urethral folds and anal fold
37
female, the elevations on each side of the urethral folds are the
genital swellings
38
the elevations on each side of the urethra folds are the genital swellings, this will become ___(male) or ___(female)
scrotal swelling in male labia majora in female
39
do the urethral folds fuse or nah in the male
do fuse
40
(male)end of 3rd month, the two urethral folds close over urethral plate forming
penile urethra
41
in the female, genital tubercle elongates only slightly forming __
clitoris
42
the urethral folds do not fuse in female, but develop into the
labia minora