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Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 > Lecture 3 - Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Thin, translucent, serous membrane

consists of two continuous layers

A

The peritoneum consists of two continuous layers: Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum.

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2
Q

tend to travel between the peritoneal layers

A

vessels

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3
Q

spleen and stomach : completely covered by visceral peritoneum

A

Intraperitoneal

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4
Q

Organs behind the peritoneum are retroperitoneal

some examples are

A

kidney, inferior vena cava, aorta

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5
Q

all visceral & parietal peritoneal membranes create a

A

peritoneal sac

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6
Q

a potential space within sac
contains only a small amount of serous fluid
allow organs to move freely without friction

A

peritoneal cavity

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7
Q

cavity is within the abdominal cavity and continues into the pelvic cavity. It is a potential space of capillary thinness.

A

peritoneal cavity

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8
Q

attaches to greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon
Drapes over small intestines like an ‘apron’
‘Apron’ = gastrocolic ligament
4 layers of peritoneum

A

greater omentum

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9
Q

functionally it can wall off infections & inflammation sites
results in formation of adhesions

A

great omentum

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10
Q

greater omentum is a derivative from the

A

dorsal mesentery

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11
Q

___= gastrocolic ligament (largest portion) + gastrosplenic ligament and gastrophrenic ligament (to diaphragm)

A

greater omentum

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12
Q

attaches to lesser curvature of stomach and duodenum

2 portions connect these structures to the liver

A

lesser omentum

-hepatogastric ligament and hepatoduodenal ligament

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13
Q

part of lesser omentum,

connects liver to stomach

A

Hepatogastric ligament

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14
Q

part of lesser omentum, connects liver to duodenum

Contains the portal triad

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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15
Q

Portal Triad =

A

hepatic a., portal v., & bile duct

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16
Q

Deep to the Lesser Omentum is the __(cavity)

A

Omental bursa

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17
Q

less omentum is a derivatives from the

A

ventral mesenteries.

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18
Q

Anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abd. wall
Runs diagonally from duodenojejunal jxn. to ileocecal jxn.
a distance = 15 to 20 cm in adults

A

Mesentery Proper

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19
Q

Fibromuscular ligament descends from the R. crus of diaphragm; holds distal duodenum in place
Prevents duodenojejunal jxn. from sagging

A

Suspensory ligament of duodenum (of Treitz)

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20
Q

Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
Ascendingand Descending colon have no mesentery
(attached directly to the posterior wall)
Transverse Colon anchored by____

A

Double Layered Peritoneum: Mesocolon

transverse mesocolon

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21
Q

Transvers mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into 2 compartments:
_____ – contains stomach, liver and spleen
_______ – contains small intestine and ascending & descending colon.

A

Supracolic compartment

Infracolic compartment

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22
Q

Divides liver into R and L lobes

Anchors liver to diaphragm & anterior body wall

A

Falciform Ligament

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23
Q

border contains the obliterated umbilical vein

A

round ligament of the liver located at inferior border of liver

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24
Q

The left umbilical vein is obliterated after birth and becomes the

A

ligamentum teres hepatis = round ligament of liver

This then becomes the inferior margin of the falciform ligament.

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25
Q

Reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver

Attach liver to inferior surface of diaphragm

A

Coronary Ligament

26
Q

upper posterior liver

A

bare area, no peritoneal

27
Q

Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients

Becomes actual spaces in recumbent patients

Pathological fluids can accumulate in these recesses

A

Hepatorenal pouch

Rectovesical or rectouterine pouch

28
Q

the lowest point of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

hepatorenal recess

29
Q

Bounded by liver, R kidney, colon and duodenum
lowest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids may move down to rectovesical/rectouterine pouch – when in reclining position or sitting up

A

Hepatorenal Pouch (Pouch of Morrison)

30
Q

Between rectum and bladder (male)
another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids here may move up to hepatorenal pouch – when in Trendelenburg position

A

Rectovesical (lowest pouch in male)

31
Q

Between rectum and uterus (♀)
another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids here may move up to hepatorenal pouch – when in Trendelenburg position

A

Rectouterine pouch (lowest pouch in female)

32
Q

detoxifies chemical products & produces bile

A

liver

33
Q

stores bile for emulsification of fats

A

gallbladder

34
Q

produces enzymes for digestion

A

pancreas

35
Q

produces lymphocytes & filters blood

A

spleen

36
Q

how many lobes does the liver have

A

4

37
Q

Attached to inferior surface of liver
Fundus, body, & neck

Contacts duodenum, colon & anterior abdominal wall

Receives bile produced by liver via bile ducts

Bile then drains into duodenum thru these ducts

A

gallbladder

38
Q

Receives, concentrates and stores bile from the liver

A

gallbladder

39
Q

The arterial supply is the cystic artery from the right hepatic artery (a branch of the hepatic artery proper.

A

gallbladder

40
Q

receives bile from R & L lobes of liver

A

R & L hepatic ducts

of gallbladder

41
Q

receives R & L hepatic ducts

A

common hepatic duct

42
Q

duct connected to gall bladder

A

cystic duct

43
Q

receives cystic & common hepatic ducts

A

common bile duct

44
Q

joins with the pancreatic duct & drains into the descending part of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla

A

the common bile duct

45
Q

Common bile duct joins main pancreatic duct

Both empty into

A

major duodenal papilla

in descending part of duodenum

46
Q

Consists of a head, neck, body, tail and uncinate process

Retroperitoneal & transverse across posterior abdominal wall

Surrounded by C-shaped duodenum on R & spleen on L

A

pancreas

47
Q

_____ drain from pancreas via 1 or 2 ducts

___enters duodenum with bile duct at major duodenal papilla

____may enter duodenum as well
~ 2 cm superior to major papilla

A

enzymes

Main pancreatic duct

Accessory pancreatic duct

48
Q

Pattern of pancreatic drainage is ___

A

variable

49
Q

contacts diaphragm along ribs 9-11, also contacts stomach, L kidney, pancreas & colon

A

Diaphragmatic surface of spleen

50
Q

The spleen is connected to the greater curvature of the stomach by the _____ which contains the short gastric and gastro-omental vessels

A

gastrosplenic ligament

51
Q

the spleen is connected to left kidney by the _____ which contains the splenic vessels.
Both these ligaments are parts of the greater omentum.

A

splenorenal igament

52
Q

The spleen is surrounded by visceral peritoneum except in the area of the ___ on them medial surface of the spleen.

A

hilum

53
Q

The splenic hilum is the entry point for the ___ and occasionally the tail of the pancreas reaches this area.

A

splenic vessels

54
Q

The arterial supply of the spleen is the splenic artery from the

A

celiac trunk.

55
Q

1st major br. of Abd aorta

Supplies liver, gb, esophagus, stomach, pancreas & spleen

A

celiac trunk

56
Q

3 main branches of the celiac trunk

A

common hepatic a. -
L. gastric a.-(supplies lessser curve of stomach)
splenic a.-(spleen)

57
Q 
Right br. of celiac trunk
Runs toward liver & gallbladder
2 terminal branches
Proper hepatic a.
Gastroduodenal a.
A

common hepatic a.

58
Q

Superior br. of common hepatic a.
Runs toward liver & medial to bile duct
R Gastric a.
Splits into R & L hepatic aa

A

proper hepatic a.

59
Q

Inferior br. of common hepatic a.
Runs toward junction of stomach & duodenum

sends Supr. pancreaticoduodenal aa. to pancreas/duodenum

sends R gastroepiploic a. (R gastro-omental a.) to greater curvature of stomach

A

gastroduodenal a.

60
Q

branch of gastroduodenal a., and supplies greater curve of stomach

A

right gastroepiploic a.

61
Q

Superior br. of celiac trunk
Runs L toward lesser curvature of stomach

supplies stomach & esophagus (via esophageal brs.)

A

L Gastric A.

62
Q

Left br. of celiac trunk
Runs toward spleen

supplies pancreas & spleen

Sends short gastric aa. & L gastroepiploic a. (L gastro-omental a.)
supply greater curvature of stomach

A

splenic a.

Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 (16 decks)

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