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Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 > Lecture 2 - Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

The ___ spans from just under the diaphragm superiorly to the pelvic inlet inferiorly.

A

abdominal cavity

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2
Q

organization of the abdomen wall

A

skin
camper’s Fascia (superficial fatty layer)
Scarpa’s fascia (membranous layer)

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3
Q

layers of the muscular layer of abdomen wall

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus oblique

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4
Q

what is deep to transvesus oblique muscle

A

transversalis fascia (endo-abdominal fascia)

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5
Q

what is deep to transversalis fascia

A

extraperitoneal fat

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6
Q

deepest later of abdomen wall

A

parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

a tendious like sheet

A

aponeurosis

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8
Q

in the midline of the anterior abdomen wall we have __ which is the median plane attachment point of all these connective tissues

A

linea alba

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9
Q

what muscle is on the midline or in between the obliques

A

rectus abdominis m.

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10
Q

all connective tissues anterior and posterior to the abdominis rectus m

A

rectus sheath

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11
Q

the rectus abdominis sheet separates into superior and inferior by ___, found between the umbilicus and pubic symphysis

A

arcuate line

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12
Q

what give the “6 pack” look on the rectus abdominis

A

tendinous intersection

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13
Q

Anterolaterally- 3 muscles with medial aponeurosis inserting onto linea alba (tendinous

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis

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14
Q

Medially- Rectus abdominis muscle surrounded by the 3 layers of ___, called Rectus Sheath

A

aponeurosis

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15
Q

what is superficial and deep to rectus abdominis SUPERIOR to arcuate line

A

superior (anterior) =external oblique and 1/2 of internal oblique

Deep (posterior)= 1/2 of internal oblique and transversus abdominins, as well as transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum

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16
Q

what is superficial and deep to rectus abdominis when you are INFERIOR of arcuate line

A

superficial (anterior) = external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis

deep (posterior) = transversalsis fascia and parietal peritoneum

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17
Q

Infraumbilical peritoneal folds:
from urinary bladder to umbilicus
covers median umbilical ligament

A

median umbilical fold

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18
Q

Infraumbilical peritoneal folds: covers medial umbilical ligaments
occluded portions of umbilical aa.

A

medial umbilical folds (2)

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19
Q

Infraumbilical peritoneal folds: covers inferior epigastric vessels

A

lateral umbilical folds (2)

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20
Q

All vessels run in ___ fat & fascia

A

superficial

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21
Q

br. of femoral a.

supplies region of inguinal ligament

A

Circumflex Iliac a.

22
Q

br. of femoral a.

supplies abdomen inf. to umbilicus

A

Epigastric a.

23
Q

drains to femoral v.

drains region of inguinal ligament

A

Circumflex Iliac v.

24
Q

drains to femoral v.

drains abdomen inf. to umbilicus

A

Epigastric v.

25
Q

Br. of External Iliac
Runs between IO & TA
Supplies inferior lateral abdominal mm.

A

deep circumflex iliac a.

26
Q

Br. of External Iliac
Enters posterior rectus sheath at arcuate line
Supplies lower rectus abdominus mm.
anastomoses with Sup. Epigastric

A

Inferior Epigastric a.

27
Q

Br. of Internal Thoracic (Mammary)
Enters posterior rectus sheath lat. to sternum
Supplies upper rectus abdominus mm.
Anastomoses with Inf. Epigastric

A

superior epigastric a.

28
Q

Br. of Internal Thoracic (Mammary)
Runs along costal cartilages
Supplies upper abdominal mm. & diaphragm

A

musculophrenic a.

29
Q

nerves of the abdominal wall

A

Ventral rami of T7-L1 spinal nn.

30
Q

supply region above umbilicus

A

T7,T8,T9

31
Q

nerves supplies umbilical region

A

T10

32
Q

nerves supply region below umbilicus

A

T11, T12 & L1

33
Q

all nerves of the abdominal wall run between

A

Run between IO and TA mm.

34
Q

Injury to which nerves weakens the muscles in inguinal region

A

last 3 nn (T11 T12 and L1

35
Q

Inferior lateral abdominal region

Superior to thigh
Medial to ilium
Lateral to pubic bone

A

inguinal region

36
Q

Area extends between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle.}

A

inguinal region

37
Q

Inguinal ligament, canal (male & female), superficial and deep rings of the inguinal canal, walls of the canal

A

inguinal region

38
Q

Folded inferior border of the EO aponeurosis

Extends from ASIS to pubic tubercle

A

inguinal ligament

39
Q

Obliquely set tunnel 3 to 5 cm long
Traverses ant. abdominal wall
Runs parallel & superior to inguinal ligament.

A

inguinal canal

40
Q

Contains spermatic cord & its contents

vas deferens, testicular nn & vessels, cremasteric m & fascia) & Ilioinguinal n. (L1

A

male inguinal canal

41
Q

Contains round ligament of uterus

Ilioinguinal n. (L1)

A

female inguinal canal

42
Q

opening in EO aponeurosis

obvious triangular opening lateral to pubic tubercle

A

superficial inguinal canal ring

43
Q

opening in transversalis fascia

subtle piercing just lateral to inferior epigastric vessels

A

deep inguinal canal ring

44
Q

Inguinal Canal Walls:

___ = EO aponeurosis

____ = transversalis fascia & conjoint tendon
fusion of IO, TA aponeuroses medially
___= IO & TA muscles (superior)

___ = inguinal ligament (inferior)

A

Anterior wall = EO aponeurosis

Posterior wall = transversalis fascia & conjoint tendon
fusion of IO, TA aponeuroses medially

Roof = IO & TA muscles (superior)

Floor = inguinal ligament (inferior)

45
Q

Outpouching of abdominal viscera within a sac

A

hernia

46
Q

Hernial sac composed of 3 layers

A

peritoneum, extraperitoneal fat & transversalis fascia

47
Q

90% of hernias occur in

A

inguinal region

48
Q

extends thru entire inguinal canal
lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
commonly enters scrotum or labia majora
most common type of hernia (more in ♂ than ♀)
usually from persistent processus vaginalis in ♂
(connects peritoneum with descended testis)
referred to as canal of Nuck in ♀

A

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

49
Q

thru inguinal triangle (Hesselbach’s)
inferior epigastric a., rectus abdominus m. & inguinal ligament
emerges thru conjoint tendon by or at superficial ring
medial to inferior epigastric vessels
usually does not enter scrotum or labia majora
more common in ♂ than ♀
usually associated with weakened abdominal wall

A

Direct Inguinal Hernia

50
Q

thru femoral ring & canal
= medial compartment of sheath
more common in ♀than ♂ (femoral ring is wider in♀)

A

femoral hernia

51
Q

thru umbilical ring
most common in newborns
more common in ♀ & obese individuals

A

umbilical hernia

52
Q

thru linea alba
most common in over 40
usually assoc. with obesity

A

epigastric hernia

Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 (16 decks)

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