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Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 > Lecture 7 - Diaphragm, kidneys, and posterior ab wall > Flashcards

Lecture 7 - Diaphragm, kidneys, and posterior ab wall Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of plexus is the lumbar plexus?

A

somatic - (sensory and motor)

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2
Q

all fibers of diaphragm insert at

A

central tendon

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3
Q

when diaphragm is contracting what is the body doing

A

inspiration

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4
Q

innervation of diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

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5
Q

phrenic nerves are passing through diaphragm from

A

thoracic cavity

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6
Q

phrenic nerve is coming from

A

ventral rami of cervical plexus of nerves (C3,C4,C4)

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7
Q

which nerves keep you breathing and alive

A

C3,C4,C5

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8
Q

phrenic nerve has both motor and sensory, and anatomizes with some intercostal sensory nerve at

A

periphery of diaphragm

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9
Q

the phrenic nerve is majority sensory or motor?

A

motor but has both

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10
Q

IVC passes through the diaphragm where

A

vena cava foramen T8

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11
Q

esophagus passes through diaphragm where

A

esophageal hiatus T10

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12
Q

Aorta passes through diaphragm where

A

aortic hiatus T12

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13
Q

arcuate ligaments or lumbocostal ligaments;

1; arches over aorta

2; arch over psoas mm

3; arch over quadratus lumborum mm.

A

1= 1 median arcuate lig.
arches over aorta

2= 2 medial arcuate ligs.
arch over psoas mm.

3= 2 lateral arcuate ligs.
arch over quadratus lumborum mm.

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14
Q

supply superior surface of diaphragm:

A

pericardiacophrenic and superior phrenic aa.

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15
Q

branch of internal thoracis aa that supplies superior surface of diaphragm

A

pericardiacophrenic aa

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16
Q

branch off aorta in thoracic cavity that supplies superior surface of diaphragm

A

superior phrenic aa

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17
Q

supply inferior surface of diaphragm

A

inferior phrenic aa (paired)

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18
Q

first paired branches of arteries off the abdominal aorta

A

paired inferior phrenic aa

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19
Q

supply periphery of diaphragm ( branch off what)

A

musculophrenic aa branch of internal thoracic a.

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20
Q

venous drainage is same name as artiers that supply diaphragm and dump into

A

IVC

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21
Q

paired organs but not symmetrically arranged

A

kidneys

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22
Q

where is superior pole of left kidney found

A

11th rib

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23
Q

where is superior pole of right kidney found

A

12th rib, right is a little more inferior

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24
Q

kidney’s are encapsulated by

A

perirenal fat and renal fascia

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25
kidneys __ from pelvis during development
ascend
26
if kidneys do not develop correctly and remain in pelvic
ectopic pelvic
27
when the two kidney's look like they are connected and get caught below __
horseshoe, IMA
28
transplanted kidneys are placed where
in lower abdomen
29
another name of adrenal glands
suprarenal glands because sit right on top of kidneys
30
enter and exit point of organs
hylum
31
fat of kidney that is outside renal fascia
paranephric fat
32
fat of the kidney that is inside the renal fascia
perinephric fat
33
function of kidneys
filtration of blood plasma
34
outer most layer of kidney
fibrous capsule
35
outer 1/3 of kidney
renal cortex
36
inner 2/3 of kidney
renal medulla
37
renal medulla contains
renal pyramids and columns
38
at the base of the renal pyramid we have __, for collecting and excreting filtrate
renal papillae
39
after renal papillae, minor calyces join to form ___,
major calyces
40
a couple major calyces of liver join together to form
renal pelvis which then goes to ureter
41
anterior to posterior we have an organization leave the kidney
vein, artery, ureter
42
between right and left kidneys we have
IVC and aorta
43
which is shorter, right or left renal vein?
right is shorter
44
which is shorter right or left renal artery
left is shorter
45
drainage of kidney: __receive urine at tips of pyramids then what
``` Renal papillae = receive (urine) at tips/apex of pyramids to Minor Calyces to Major Calyces to Renal pelvis to Ureter to Urinary bladder to Urethra ```
46
ureters are what kind of peritoneal
retro
47
ureter arteries arise from 3-4 sources
renal a testicular or ovarian a. abdominal aorta or common iliac a. internal iliac a.
48
allows visualization of the ureters and bladder (clinical note)
Intravenous urogram | - patient is injected with iodinated medium
49
pain area of cutaneous innervation from Calculi (kidney stones)
rhythmic pain occurs as the kidney stone moves along, most pain is at T11-12
50
why is the right kidney a little lower than left
because of liver
51
roughly triangular, lies superior to right kidney and posterior to IVC
right adrenal or right suprarenal gland
52
semilunar shape, lies supermedial to left kidney near hilum
left adrenal or left suprarenal gland
53
gross features of adrenal (suprarenal) glands
fibrous capsule adrenal cortex adrenal medulla
54
outer layer of adrenal gland that produces adrenal steroids
adrenal cortex | has 3 zones
55
inner portion of adrenal glands that acts as sympathetic ganglion (modified neuronal cells)
adrenal medulla
56
modified neuronal cells of the adrenal medulla
chromaffin cells
57
adrenal gland is richly vascularized due to
endocrine function
58
suprarenal or adrenal gland blood supply - 3 sources
superior suprarenal aa (6-8) off inferior phrenic aa middle suprarenal a (1) off the abdominal aa inferior suprarenal aa(1) of the renal artery
59
the deepest muscle of the anterior abdominal wall
transversus abdominis m.
60
transversus abdominus m. , quadratus lumborum m., Psoas major m, iliacus m , psoas minor m, diaphragm these muscles are located where
posterior abdominal wall
61
arterial supply of posterior wall
lumbar aa ( 4 pairs) branch of abdomen aorta
62
aorta bifurcation happens at what vertebral level
L4
63
usually the level of the umbilicus
L4
64
nerves of the posterior wall
ventral rami T12-L4 | and lumbar plexus
65
subcostal nerve level
T12
66
iliohypogastric nerve level
L1
67
Supplies sensory to ant./lat. abd. wall | Supplies motor to abdominal mm.: EO, IO, TA, pyramidalis, RA, QL
subcostal nerve
68
ilioinguinal nerve level
L1
69
Can arise from common trunk descend ant. to QL: _1_supplies skin of suprapubic region _2_ runs thru inguinal call to supply it Both also supply abd. mm.
1 Iliohypogastric n. 2 Ilioinguinal n.
70
genitofemoral n level
L1-L2
71
Pierces psoas major m. descends along ant. surface Splits to femoral br. & genital br. Supplies skin inf. & med. to inguinal ligament Supplies cremaster m. (of spermatic cord)
genitofemoral n
72
lateral femoral cutaneous n level
L2-L3
73
Descends ant. to iliacus m. Passes deep to inguinal ring Inferior to ASIS Supplies ant./lat. skin of thigh
lateral femoral cutaneous
74
femoral n level
L2-L4
75
Runs between iliacus & psoas major mm. Passes deep to inguinal ligament Inferior to ASIS Supplies sensory & motor to anterior thigh
femoral n
76
obturator n level
L2-L4
77
Runs medial to psoas major mm. Passes thru obturator foramen Supplies sensory & motor to medial thigh
obturator n.
78
lumboscaral trunk n level
L4-L5
79
Large n. trunk crosses over ala of sacrum Descends into pelvis to help form sacral plexus and sciatic nerve Provides general contributions to both plexuses
lumbosacral trunk n

Gross Anatomy - Unit 2 (16 decks)

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