Lecture 9: Posterior Abdominal Wall & Retroperitoneal Viscera Flashcards
What are the features of quadratus lumborum?
Rectangular, L5 and iliac crest to 12th rib - stabilises, sits behind vertebral column in paravertebral gutters
What are the features of posts major?
Lumbar vertebrae, beneath inguinal ligament to lesser trochanter of femur, edge to edge with vertebrae
What are the features of pesos minor?
Present in 2/3 of people, blend into psoas major
What are the features of iliacus?
Trinagular, iliac fossa, lesser trochanter - iliopsoas tendon
What are the 3 parts of thoracolumbar fascia - where do they attach?
Posterior - spinous process tip
Middle - transverse process tip
Anterior - front of transverse process
Where do the layers of thoracolumbar fascia fuse and what is significant about this point?
12th rib - anterior abdominal wall muscles attach here (except for external oblique due to lat dorsi position)
What does the thoracolumbar fascia surround?
Erector spinae and quadratus lumborum
What is a psoas abscess?
Pus tracks down with psoas muscle and forms lump in pelvic region
What muscle does the lumbar plexus happen within?
Psoas major
Where are the ureters located?
Posterior ab wall
How long are the ureters?
25cm
What are the narrowing of the ureters?
- Exiting kidney at renal sinus where renal pelvis becomes ureter
- Tipping over pelvic brim
- Entering bladder
Where do the kidneys sit?
Posterior ab wall on quadratus lumborum in paravertebral gutters
What level do the kidneys sit at?
T12-L3 : right kidney lower due to liver
Why do kidneys move with respiration?
Attached to diaphragm
What are the dimensions of the kidney?
10cm long, 5cm wide, 2.5cm thick
What are the features of the adrenal glands?
Right: party hat directly on top of kidney
Left: crescent on medial surface of kidney above hilum
What is the kidney surrounded by?
Perinephric fat and renal fascia
What is the arrangement of cells in the kidney?
Outer cortex and inner medulla sectioned into renal pyramids
What direction does the hilum of the kidney face?
Anteromedially
What is the order of structures in the kidney hilum?
Vein, artery, pelvis
What does the renal artery branch from and what does it divide into?
Abdominal aorta, 5 segmental arteries for renal segments
What happens to the arterial supply for the kidneys during development?
Develop lower in abdomen, take arterial supply from level that they are at - can retain accessory renal artery that enters hilum or kidney directly
What is the relationship of the testicular veins to the renal veins?
Right testicular vein drains directly into IVC, left testicular vein drains into left renal vein
What is the renal pelvis and how is it divided?
Dilated upper portion of ureter, divided into 2/3 major calyces which are each divided into 2/3 minor calyces - all going to a renal pyramid
