Lecture 9 Kinesiology of the Hip

Question 1

What is the JT of the hip?

Answer 1

Coxofemoral JT

Question 2

What is the CPP of the hip JT?

Answer 2

extension, internal rotation, abduction

Question 3

What is the capsular pattern of the hip?

Answer 3

internal rotation, flexion, abduction (variable)

Question 4

What is the typical dislocation of the hip JT?

Answer 4

posterior (85%), usually due to major trauma, ie: knees to dash MVA

Question 5

What type of JT is the hip?

Answer 5

ball and socket synovial

Question 6

What are the 3 main ligaments of the hip?

Answer 6

iliofemoral / Y ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ligamentum teres / ligament of head of femur

Question 7

What is the zona orbicularis?

Answer 7

thickening of the joint capsule around the neck of the femur

Question 8

The acetabulum faces what direction?

Answer 8

lateral, anterior and inferior

Question 9

What direction does the femoral head face?

Answer 9

medial, anterior and superior

Question 10

What is coxa varum?

Answer 10

occurs when the inclination of the femoral neck is less than 125 degrees.

Question 11

What is coxa valgum?

Answer 11

occurs when the angle of inclination of the femoral neck is greater than 135 degrees

Question 12

What is femoral anteversion?

Answer 12

occurs when the angle of torsion of the femoral neck is greater than 15 degrees. Results in toe-in stance

Question 13

What is femoral retroversion?

Answer 13

occurs when the angle of torsion is less than 15 degrees, results in toeing-out

Question 14

What are movements of the hip JT?

Answer 14

flex/ex
abd/add
internal/external rotation

Question 15

What is the plane and axis of hip flex/ex?

Answer 15

medial lateral axis
sagittal plane

Question 16

What is the plane and axis of hip ABD and ADD?

Answer 16

anterior posterior axis
frontal plane

Question 17

What is the plane and axis of the hip IR/ER?

Answer 17

mechanical axis of the femur, no plane

Question 18

What often accompanies decreased ROM at the hip?

Answer 18

compensatory increases at the pelvis and lumbar spine

Question 19

What are the articulating surfaces of the hip JT?

Answer 19

Lunate surface of the acetabulum
Head of the femur

Question 20

What does the iliofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 20

limits hyperextension
prevents posterior pelvic tilt during relaxed standing
(strongest of the three ligaments)

Question 21

What does the pubofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 21

Limits hyperextension, lateral rotation and abduction

Question 22

What does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 22

Hyperextension
Abduction
medial rotation
Also limits hyperflextion
(weakest of the three)

Question 23

What does the ligamentum teres or ligament of the head of femur do?

Answer 23

Helps provide vascular supply to femoral head via obturator artery

Question 24

What does the transverse acetabular ligament do?

Answer 24

Closes in the acetabulum to maximize femoral congruency

Question 25

Where is the iliopectineal bursa?

Answer 25

Anterior to iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments, posterior to iliopsoas tendon

Question 26

When does coxa varum occur?

Answer 26

When the angle of inclination of the femoral neck is less than 125 degrees

Question 27

When does coxa varum occur?

Answer 27

When the angle of inclination of the femoral neck is less than 125 degrees

Question 28

When does caxa valgum occur?

Answer 28

When the angle of inclination is greater than 135 degrees

Question 29

What occurs when the angle of torsion of the femoral neck is greater than 15 degrees?

Answer 29

Femoral anteversion (Toe in stance)

Question 30

What occurs when the angle of torsion is less than 15 degrees?

Answer 30

femoral retroversion (toeing out)

Question 31

Decreased ROM in the hip is often accompanied by what?

Answer 31

Compensatory increases at the pelvis and lumbar spine

Question 32

In what axis and plane do anterior and posterior pelvic tilt occur?

Answer 32

occurs around a medial lateral axis within a sagittal plane

Question 33

What movement is anterior pelvic tilt equivalent to in relative terms?

Answer 33

hip flexion

Question 34

Lateral pelvic tilt occurs around what axis and in what plane?

Answer 34

anterior posterior axis within the frontal plane

Question 35

What movements accompany pelvic rotation?

Answer 35

lateral flexion of the spine abduction or adduction of the hip on the supporting side

Question 36

What happens during hip hiking?

Answer 36

hip abd on the supported side and add on the unsupported side lateral lumbar flexion toward the unsupported side to maintain balance may be observed w/ coxa valga as a compensatory mechanism to accomodate the anatomic long leg and bring the feet into normal alignment. subsequent tightness in the ITB and abductors on the supported side may result.

Question 37

What happens during hip drop?

Answer 37

hip abduction on the unsupported side lateral lumbar flexion toward the suported side to maintain balance This posture may be observed w/ coxa vara to accomodate the anatomical short leg, with adverse effects on patellofemoral tracking.

Question 38

Pelvic rotation occurs around what axis and in what plane?

Answer 38

around a vertical axis in the transverse plane

Question 39

What is lumbopelvic motion?

Answer 39

lumbar and pelvic coordinated movement which allows full trunk flexion or leg abduction

Question 40

What are the prime movers of the hip?

Answer 40

iliopsoas rectus femoris and startorius TFL hamstring group glutes adductor group deep 6

Question 41

What are the synergists of the hip?

Answer 41

abdominals sartorius and TFL

Question 42

What muscles are keys in controlling vertebral and pelvic motion during leaning back and returning to an upright position?

Answer 42

iliopsoas

Question 43

What muscles act with the abdominals during sit up type motions and straight leg raising?

Answer 43

iliopsoas

Question 44

Rectus femoris flexes the hip with the knee in what position and why?

Answer 44

with the knee flexed. Knee extension leads to active insufficiency

Question 45

What muscles is relatively resistant to active insufficiency during simultaneous hip and knee flexion?

Answer 45

sartorius

Question 46

What muscle works synergistically with sartorius to eliminate hip rotation during flexion?

Answer 46

TFL

Question 47

Which way does sartorius rotate the hip?

Answer 47

external rotation