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MS 2 > Kinesiology of the Shoulder > Flashcards

Kinesiology of the Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones involved in the bony aspect of the shoulder girdle?

A

manubrium
clavicle
scapula
humerus
ribs
The clavicle and scapula make up the shoulder girdle proper

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2
Q

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder girdle?

A

sternoclavicular
acromioclavicular
glenohumeral
scapulothoracic

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3
Q

What is the closed pack position of the SC joint?

A

full elevation

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4
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the SC joint?

A

Pain at extreme ranges, especially horizontal add. and full elevation

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5
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the SC joint?

A

clavicle moves anterior medial

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6
Q

What joint serves as the only bony connection for the entire shoulder girdle?

A

the SC joint

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7
Q

What type of joint is the SC joint?

A

multi-axial saddle synovial joint

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8
Q

What does the SC joint connect?

A

the clavicle, and the junction of the manubrium and 1st costocartilage

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9
Q

What does the disc in the SC joint do?

A

increases joint congruence and acts as a shock absorber

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10
Q

What are the 3 major ligaments of the SC joint?

A

interclavicular
posterior and anterior sternolavicular
costoclavicular

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11
Q

What does the interclavicular ligament limit?

A

inferior clavicular movement

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12
Q

What does the posterior and anterior sternoclavicular ligament limit?

A

posterior and anterior clavicular movement

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13
Q

What does the costoclavicular ligament limit?

A

elevation and protraction-retraction
serves as the axis for protraction retraction and elevation-depression

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14
Q

What is the ratio of the scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

generally 1:2 (for every degree of scapular motion the humerus moves 2 degrees)

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15
Q

What movements do the scapulohumeral rhythm refer to?

A

Primarily abduction, but also flexion and scaption

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16
Q

What happens in the first 30 degrees of abduction?

A

movement occurs primarily in the GH joint with the scapula moving only to find a stable position or setting

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17
Q

What happens from 30 to 90 degrees of abduction?

A

The scapula moves about an axis of rotation located at the base of the spine of the scapula
superior scapular rot. and clav. elev. result from the action of upper & lower trap as well as serratus ant.
scapula rotates 30 degrees and humerus has abducted 60 degrees

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18
Q

What happens from 90 to 165 degrees of abduction?

A

glenoid rotates sup. putting tension in the c.clav. lig. that the post. clavicle is drawn ant. inferior.
results in post. rotation (30-50 deg) about the long. axis of the clavicle which flips the lat. end superiorly (S shape)
AC JT elevated and scapula is rotated a further 30 deg.
at this point the scapula has rotated sup. 55 deg and the humerus abd. 110 degrees

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19
Q

What happens from 165 to 180 degrees of abduction?

A

unilateral arm = contralateral lateral flexion of spine
BL arm = extension (lumbar lordosis)

20
Q

What can cause restrictions in abduction?

A

reverse scapulohumeral rhythm
fused SC JT
no external humeral rotation
no clavicular rotation

21
Q

What are the prime movers of the shoulder girdle?

A

deltoid
supraspinatus
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
pec major
levator scapulae

22
Q

What are the synergists of the shoulder girdle?

A

infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
rhomboid major and minor
subclavius
long head biceps brachii
traps and serratus anterior
lats and pecs
supraspinatus

23
Q

What are the movements of the SC joint?

A

protraction-retraction
elevation-depression
rotation

24
Q

What are the axis and plane of protraction-retraction of the SC joint?

A

vertical axis
transverse plane

25
Q

What are the axis and plane elevation and depression of the SC joint?

A

anterior posterior axis
frontal plane

26
Q

Glide and roll occurs in which direction in protraction and retraction of the SC joint?

A

Same direction (concave surface of clavicle moving on convex surface of manubrium)

27
Q

Glide and roll occurs in which direction in elevation and depression of the SC joint?

A

opposite direction (convex surface of clavicle moves on concave surface of manubrium)

28
Q

What is the axis and plane of rotation of the SC joint?

A

mechanical axis
no plane

29
Q

What is the closed pack position of the AC joint?

A

90 to 120 degrees of abduction

30
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the AC joint?

A

Pain at extreme ranges, especially horizontal adduction and full elevation

31
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the AC joint?

A

clavicle moves superior

32
Q

What type of joint is the AC joint?

A

multi-axial plane synovial joint

33
Q

What are the 2 major ligaments of the AC joint?

A

superior and inferior AC ligaments
coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid)

34
Q

What does the superior and inferior AC ligaments do?

A

maintain joint congruence and prevent posterior dislocation of the clavicle

35
Q

What does the coracoclavicular ligament limit?

A

Main supporters of the AC joint
Limit superior rotation and medial displacement of the scapula
Transfer force from the scapula to the SC joint during FOOSH

36
Q

What are the movements of the AC joint?

A

Scapular protraction and retraction
Upward tip/tilt
superior and inferior scapular rotation

37
Q

What is the axis and plane of protraction and retraction of the AC joint?

A

vertical axis
transverse plane

38
Q

What is the axis and plane of upward tip/tilt of the AC joint?

A

mediolateral axis
sagittal plane

39
Q

What is the axis and plane of scapular rotation of the AC joint?

A

anteroposterior axis
frontal plane

40
Q

What is the closed pack position of the GH joint?

A

full abduction and external rotation

41
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the GH joint?

A

external rotation, abduction, internal rotation

42
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the GH joint?

A

humerus moved anteroinferior

43
Q

What are the movements of the GH joint?

A

flex/ex
abd/add
internal/external rot

44
Q

What is the axis and plane of flex/ex of the GH joint?

A

sagittal plane
medial/lateral axis

45
Q

What is the plane and axis of add/abd of the GH joint?

A

Frontal plane
anterior posterior axis

45
Q

What is the plane and axis of internal/external rot. of the GH joint?

A

mechanical axis
no plane

MS 2 (39 decks)

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