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MS 2 > Kinesiology Of The Elbow > Flashcards

Kinesiology Of The Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 joints of the elbow and forearm?

A

Ulnohumeral
Radiohumeral
Proximal radioulnar
Distal radioulnar

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2
Q

What 2 joints make up the elbow joint proper?

A

The ulnohumeral and radiohumeral joints

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3
Q

What is the CPP of the ulnohumeral joint?

A

Extension with supination

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4
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral joint?

A

Flexion, extension

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5
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the ulnohumeral joint?

A

Humerus moves anterior inferior

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6
Q

What type of joint is the ulnohumeral?

A

Hinge synovial

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7
Q

What is the main ligament of the ulnohumeral joint?

A

Medial/ulnar collateral ligament

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8
Q

What does the medial/ulnar collateral ligament of the ulnohumeral joint limit?

A

Valgus motion / abduction
Blends with tendon of FCU to form cubital tunnel for the ulnar nerve

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9
Q

What are the movements of the ulnohumeral joint? In what plane and axis?

A

Flex/ex - around medial lateral axis in the Sagital plane

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10
Q

What is the CPP of the radiohumeral joint?

A

Elbow flexed to 90 degrees with 5 degrees of supination

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11
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the radioulnar joint?

A

flexion, extension

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12
Q

What is the typical dislocation in the radiohumeral joint?

A

the humerus moves anterior inferior

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13
Q

What type of joint is the radiohumeral joint?

A

uniaxial hinge synovial

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14
Q

What is the main ligament of the radiohumeral joint?

A

lateral/radial collateral lig,

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15
Q

What does the lateral/radial collateral ligament limit?

A

varus motion and adduction

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16
Q

What are the movements of the radiohumeral joint? (including planes and axis)

A

flex/ex
medial lateral axis and sagittal plane

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17
Q

How is the carrying angle measured?

A

the acute angle between the long axis of the humerus and forearm

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18
Q

What is the normal range of carrying angles?

A

5 to 15 degrees

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19
Q

What is the CPP of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

5 degrees of supination

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20
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

equal limitation of supination and pronation

21
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

radial head moves inferiorly out of the annular ligament

22
Q

What are the 2 main ligaments in the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

the annular ligament and the oblique cord

23
Q

What does the oblique cord limit?

A

limits supination and inferior radial displacement and ensures apposition

24
Q

What are the movements of the radioulnar joint, including axis?

A

supination-pronation

25
Q

What type of joint is the intermediate radioulnar joint?

A

fibrous syndesmosis

(amphiarthroidial)

26
Q

What is the ligament of the intermediate radioulnar joint?

A

the interosseous membrane

27
Q

What does the interosseous membrane limit or do in the intermediate radioulnar joint?

A

limits supination and pronation
stabilizes the distal joint during pronation
transfers force from distal radius to ulna during FOOSH

28
Q

What is the CPP of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

5 degrees of supination

29
Q

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

pivot synovial

30
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

pain at extremes of rotation

31
Q

What is the typical dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

radiocarpal disclocation vs radioulnar

32
Q

What is the main ligament of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Anterior and posterior radioulnar ligament

33
Q

What does the anterior and posterior radioulnar ligament do?

A

ensures apposition
anterior fibres limit supination
posterior fibres limit pronation

34
Q

What are the movements of the distal radioulnar joint and what axis?

A

supination-pronation
mechanical axis

35
Q

What are the prime movers of the elbow?

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
triceps brachii
pronator teres
pronator quadratus
supinator

36
Q

Which muscle is an active flexor of the elbow in all forearm positions against resistance?

A

biceps brachii

37
Q

In what forearm position is biceps brachii strongest?

A

80 to 100 degrees of flexion

38
Q

What muscle is a primary flexor of the elbow that is active in all forearm positions, with and without resistance?

A

brachialis

39
Q

In what position is brachialis strongest?

A

100 degrees flexion
(optimizes length-tension relationship)

40
Q

True or false, brachioradialis is a shunt muscle?

A

True

41
Q

Which head of triceps is most active in unresisted extension?

A

medial head

42
Q

What movement does triceps neutralize during biceps supination?

A

flexion

42
Q

Why does the long head of triceps contribute to posterior shoulder stability?

A

It’s a shunt muscle

43
Q

How is triceps a synergist to biceps?

A

controlling flexion during resisted supination

44
Q

How is biceps a synergist?

A

contributes to radioulnar stability in full extension via passive muscle tension

45
Q

How is anconeus a synergist?

A

contributes to extension
stabilizes elbow during supination and pronation

46
Q

How is pronator teres a synergist?

A

stabilizes the radiohumeral joint during pronation by approximating the apposing bones

47
Q
A

MS 2 (19 decks)

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