Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Peptide Hormones mode of action

A
  • Can not penetrate target cells
  • Bind to surface receptors and activate intracellular processes through second messengers
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2
Q

Steroid Hormones

A
  • Penetrate plasma membrane and bind to internal receptors (usually in the nucleus)
  • Influence expression of genes of the target cell
    -It takes several hours to days to show effect due to lag for protein synthesis
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3
Q

2 Main Types of Receptors

A
  1. Intracellular receptors
  2. Plasma membrane receptors
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4
Q

Intracellular receptors

A
  • Bind lipid soluble hormones
  • Cytosolic and nuclear
  • Directly alter gene transcription (cause genomic effects)
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5
Q

Plasma membrane receptors

A
  • G protein-coupled receptors
  • Receptor-enzyme receptors
  • Receptor-Channel
    Integrin Receptor
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6
Q

G Protein -Coupled Receptors (GPCR)

A
  • Membrane-spamming proteins
    • Cytoplasmic tail linked to a G protein
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7
Q

When GPCRs are activated, they…

A
  1. Open ion channels in the membrane
  2. Alter enzyme activity on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane
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8
Q

G protein: Gs

A

Target: Adenylyl cyclase
Activity: Stimulatory

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9
Q

G protein: Gq

A

Target: Phospholipase C
Activity: Simulatory

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10
Q

G protein: Gi

A

Target: Adenylyl cyclase
Activity: Inhibitory

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11
Q

Liver- Fight or Flight Responses mediated by GPCR

A

Glucose release (epinephrine)

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12
Q

Fat- Fight or Flight Responses mediated by GPCR

A

Fatty acid release (epinephrine)

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13
Q

Heart- Fight or Flight Responses mediated by GPCR

A

Muscle contraction (epinephrine)

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14
Q

Skeletal muscle blood vessels- Fight or Flight Responses mediated by GPCR

A

Less vasoconstriction (norepinephrine)

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15
Q

Intestine, skin and kidney-Fight or Flight Responses mediated by GPCR

A

Vasoconstriction (norepinephrine)

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