Lecture 18

Question 1

Somatic cells contain ___ chromosomes with ____ matched pairs of autosomes and ___ sex chromosomes

Answer 1

46
23
2

Question 2

Why do we not have 24 chromosomes?

Answer 2

meiosis

Question 3

What does the SRY gene code for?

Answer 3

provides instructions for making a protein called the sex-determining region Y protein

Question 4

Variations in sex determination & development Atypical hormone levels or action
: XY

Answer 4

atypical androgen synthesis (e.g., 5-a-reductase) or action

Question 5

Variations in sex determination & development Atypical hormone levels or action: XX

Answer 5

excessive exposure to androgens during early gestation

Question 6

What produces the SRY Protein?

Answer 6

The Y chromosome

Question 7

What converts the embryonic gonad to testis?

Answer 7

The Y chromosome

Question 8

What happens if the embryonic gonad does not produce a Y chromosome?

Answer 8

It becomes an ovary

Question 9

The testis secretes ______ and ________, leading to the development of Wolffian ducts and male-like structures

Answer 9

AMH
testosterone

Question 10

When there is NO AMH and testosterone, the _________________ persist

Answer 10

Mullerian ducts

Question 11

What does activation of the Mullerian ducts cause?

Answer 11

female-like structures

Question 12

What does Beta-catenin do?

Answer 12

supresses SOX9

Question 13

What happens when SOX9 is suppressed?

Answer 13

No AMH or testosterone is produced

Question 14

AMH

Answer 14

Anti-Mullerian Hormone

Question 15

Role of AMH

Answer 15

AMH levels are higher in male babies, as this prevents them from developing female reproductive organs