Lecture 15 Flashcards
2 General Similarities between sexes
- Formation of gametes
- Hypothalamic/pituitary control of reproduction
GnRH
gonadotropin-releasing hormone
LH
Luteinizing Hormone
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Human body cells have ____ chromosomes, while human gametes (sperm or eggs) have ___ chromosomes each
46
23
GnRH secreted in pulses from _____________ cells in hypothalamus
neuroendocrine
Pulsatility
is a function of maximum flow rate
Sertoli cells (sustentacular cells)
Support sperm development
Leydig cells (interstitial cells)
Secrete testosterone
________________ are Responsible for blood-testis barrier
tight junctions
Sperm are produced in the ________ and further mature in the _________
testies
epididymis
Spermatozoa
(sperm) are the male sex cells that carry a man’s genetic material
Acrosome
a unique membranous organelle located over the anterior part of the sperm nucleus (derived from the golgi apparatus)
What does the acrosome contain?
contains hyaluronidase and acrosin which breakdown the zona pellucida
Zona pellucida
a glycoprotein coat that covers the oocyte
Role of FSH
stimulates Sertoli cells which then
Support sperm development
inhibitors of FSH secretion
(Through negative feedback- FSH is inhibited by overproduction of a product)
Sertoli cells- in men
granulose cells in woman
Secrete androgen-binding protein
Helps to concentrate androgens in testis
Role of LH
stimulates Leydig cells which then
Secrete testosterone in response to LH
Hypogonadism
occurs when the body’s sex glands (gonads- testies/ovaries) produce little or no hormones
What does hypogonadism in males cause?
decreased production of androgens, inhibin B, AMH and/or impaired sperm production
