Lecture 9 Flashcards
What is localized next to the nucleus in animal cells?
Centrosome
What are centriols?
- made of short microtubules
- exact function is not clear
- not found in all eukaryotes
What are the two microtubule motors?
Kinesin and Dynein
What motor moves cargo towards the plus end?
Kinesis
What motor moves the cargo to the minus end?
Dyenin
What is the role of microtubules?
Distribute and localize organelles
Kidneys cells detecting liquid flow is an example of what?
Primary cilia
Primary cilia are involved in what?
Mechanosensory and signaling
What is the name of bundles of microtubules organized by basal bodies (centriols) that thanks to dynein motors are mobile?
Motile cilia
What causes bending in the microtubules?
dynein motors move microtubules against eachother
What involves the cooperation of kinesis and myosin at the cell cortex?
The transport of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane
Where are intermediate filaments found
Found in animal cells
Not plant or fungi
What is the main role of intermediate filaments?
Structural role
What is the role of nuclear lamina?
forms strong network underneath the nuclear membrane that stabilizes the nucleus
What bonds are formed in DNA to bind the nucleotides?
hydrogen bonds
What is gene expression?
how the information stored in DNA is used to produce proteins
What is the form of DNA found in Eukaryotes?
chromosomes
What is the sum of the nuclear DNA called?
genome
Does size of the genome correlate with the # of chromosome?
no
At what stage of the cell cycle are chromosomes less compact?
Interphase
When are the chromosomes highly compacted?
During mitosis
What is the main structure of the nucleus like?
- Outer nuclear membrane is continuous with ER
membrane - Nuclear Lamina: protein meshwork that provides
structural support - Nuclear pore: large macromolecular structure with 8-fold
symmetry creates pore
What creates structural support of the nucleus?
Nuclear lamina
Main function of a nuclear pore?
Gateway between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm
When does nuclear pore dilate?
For transport of larger particles
What are the connection sites and diffusion barriers between the outer and inner membrane?
nuclear pore
