Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK Exam I > Lecture 8: Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 8: Posterior Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of all “hamstring” muscles?

A

Ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All hamstring muscles are supplied by perforating branches of what artery?

A

Profunda femoris a.

[in addition, inferior gluteal a. supplies several small branches to muscles attached to the ischial tuberosity]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The femoral a. continues as what artery as it enters the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What muscles are considered the hamstrings?

A

Semitendinosus m.
Biceps femoris long head
Semimembranosus m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Origin of semitendinosus

A

Ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus

A

Medial surface of tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Action of semitendinosus m.

A

Extension of thigh, flexion of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Innervation of semitendinosus m.

A

Tibial division of sciatic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What muscle passes medial to the biceps fmoris and posterior to semimembranosus, then diverges medially from biceps above the knee?

A

Semitendinosus m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The tendon of semitendinosus m. travels posterior to knee joint and curves anteriorly to insert into the upper part of the medial surface of the tibia, just posterior to the insertion of the _______ and _______ muscles

A

Gracilis; sartorius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Origin of biceps femoris long head

A

Ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris long head

A

Lateral tibial condyle and head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris long head

A

Tibial divison of sciatic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Origin of biceps femoris short head

A

Lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris short head

A

Lateral tibial condyle and head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris short head

A

Peroneal division of sciatic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of biceps femoris?

A

Thigh extension, leg flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Origin of semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity (arises by long, flat tendon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus

A

Medial and posterior surfaces of medial condyle of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Innervation of semimembranosus

A

Tibial division of sciatic n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Action of semimembranosus

A

Thigh extension and leg flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Muscle origin, insertion, action, and innervation:

Semitendinosus m.

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial tibia

Actions: extension of thigh, flexion of leg

Innervation: tibial n.

23
Q

Muscle origin, insertion, action, and innervation:

Biceps femoris long head

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: lateral tibial condyle + head of fibula

Action: thigh extension/leg flexion

Innervation: tibial n.

24
Q

Muscle origin, insertion, action, and innervation:

Biceps femoris short head

A

Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera (femur)

Insertion: lateral tibial condyle and head of fibula

Action: thigh extension/leg flexion

Innervation: peroneal n.

25
Q

Muscle origin, insertion, action, and innervation:

Semimembranosus m.

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial and posterior surfaces of medial condyle of tibia

Action: thigh extension/leg flexion

Innervation: tibial n.

26
Q

The popliteal fossa is a primarily ____-filled space posterior to the knee joint

A

Fat

27
Q

What muscle is superficial and superolateral in the popliteal fossa?

A

Biceps femoris

28
Q

What muscles are superficial and superomedial in the popliteal fossa?

A

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

[semitendinosus is lateral to semimembranosus]

29
Q

What muscles are superficial, inferolateral and inferomedial in the popliteal fossa?

A

Lateral and medial heads of gastrocnemius

30
Q

What muscles are superficial and posterior in the popliteal fossa?

A

Skin and popliteal fascia - these form the roof of popliteal fossa

31
Q

What anatomical structures form the superior border of the floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Medial and lateral supracondylar lines of the femur

32
Q

What anatomical structure forms the inferior border of the floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Soleal line of tibia

33
Q

What forms the superior floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal surface of the tibia

34
Q

What forms the central floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Posterior aspect of joint capsule of the knee

35
Q

What forms the inferior floor of the popliteal fossa?

A

Investing popliteus fascia covering the popliteus muscle inferiorly

36
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

Termination of small saphenous v.

Popliteal a. and its branches

Popliteal v. and its tributaries

Tibial and common fibular nn.

Posterior cutaneous n. of the thigh

Popliteal LNs and vessels

Popliteal fascia

37
Q

What vein terminates in the popliteal fossa?

A

Small saphenous v.

38
Q

What does the femoral a. become when it passes through the adductor hiatus?

A

Popliteal a.

39
Q

Where does the popliteal a. terminate?

A

It bifurcates into anterior and posterior tibial arteries

40
Q

The _______ branches of the popliteal a. form an anastomotic network supplying the knee joint.

What is the anatomic significance of these branches?

A

Genicular

These will maintain the blood supply to the leg during knee flexion, which may kink the popliteal a.

41
Q

The popliteal v. is a continuation of what vein? What artery does it tend to follow?

A

It is a continuation of the posterior tibial v.

Follows closely with the popliteal a.

42
Q

Superiorly, the popliteal v. becomes the ______ vein, where it traverses the adductor hiatus

A

Femoral

43
Q

Which tributary of the popliteal v. pierces the popliteal fascia?

A

Small saphenous v.

44
Q

Which 3 nerves are associated with the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial n.

Common peroneal (fibular) n.

Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

45
Q

What is the difference between the superficial and deep lymph nodes found in the popliteal fossa?

A

Superficial - small, lie in superficial fascia

Deep - surround vessels and receive lymph from joint capsule of knee and lymphatic vessels accompanying deep veins of the leg

46
Q

The lymphatic vessels of the popliteal fossa accompany _______ vessels to drain into the deep _____ lymph nodes

A

Femoral; inguinal

47
Q

The popliteal fascia is continuous with _________ superiorly, and _________ inferiorly

A

Fascia lata

Deep fascia of leg

48
Q

What is the primary function of the popliteal fascia?

A

Forms protective covering for neurovascular structures

49
Q

What structures lie deepest in the popliteal fossa?

A

Arteries - these lie directly on the popliteal surface of the femur, joint capsule, and investing fascia

50
Q

The sciatic n. ends at the superior angle of the popliteal fossa by dividing into tibial and common peroneal nn.

The tibial n. is medial and supplies motor function to what muscles?

A

Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Popliteus

51
Q

What nerve supplies the skin covering the popliteal fossa?

A

Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

52
Q

What typically occurs in patients who have paralyzed posterior hamstrings? Why?

A

They fall forward because the hamstrings typically maintain more tone than the gluteus maximus

[all muscles arising from the ischial tuberosity assist in gluteus maximus in thigh extension]

53
Q

How do the hamstring muscles limit flexibility?

A

Their length limits the ability for free simultaneous flexion of the thigh and extension of the leg (touching your toes)

[sharp flexion of the thigh produces flexion of the leg as a result of resistance of the hamstrings; extension of leg produces extension of thigh for same reason]

MSK Exam I (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions