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Physiology exam 5 (shelby) > Lecture 77 > Flashcards

Lecture 77 Flashcards

1
Q

This neuron branches from ventral roots and its branches (motor unit)

A

LMN

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2
Q

The LMN uses _______ and bind to nicotinic receptors

A

Ach

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3
Q

This neuron uses a motor end plates (junction b/t nerve and muscles)

A

LMN

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4
Q

EXCITATION only which leads to contraction

A

LMN

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5
Q

If there is damage to a LMN _______ might occur?

A

Muscle deficits, paresis (muscle weakness), Atrophy, and paralysis

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6
Q

This neuron has pathways from cerebrum/brainstem and the spinal cord projects don to control this neuron.

A

UMN

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7
Q

UMN has _______ type of output?

A

Excitatory and inhibitory

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8
Q

if the LMN are damaged can we observe UMN damage?

A

NO

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9
Q

Frontal cortex of cerebrum plans, strategizes and provides impulse control

A

Cerebral motor control

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10
Q

Cerebral motor control: Primary motor area initiates

A

voluntary motor and movements

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11
Q

Cerebral motor control has output to?

A

Brainstem UMNs and Spinal cord LMNs

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12
Q

Cerebral motor control has association areas for complex integration planning and?

A

Analysis

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13
Q

T/F: All three descending motor tracts of the vertebral motor control are associated with the pyramidal tract

A

T

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14
Q

_______ are the three descending motor tracts of the cerebral motor control

A

Corticonuclear, Corticopontine and Corticospinal

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15
Q

This descending motor tract is associated with the brainstem nuclei and is ipsilateral

A

Corticonuclear

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16
Q

This descending motor tract is associated with pontine nuclei and contains pontocerebellar fibers to contralateral cerebellum

A

Corticopontine

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17
Q

This descending motor tract of cerebral motor control dessusates to contralateral lateral corticospinal tract and has a few fibers that stay ipsilateral in ventral corticospinal tract and decussate before termination

A

Corticospinal

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18
Q

Descending tracts are associated with?

A

Pyramidal tract

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19
Q

Descending tracts of corticospinal are in direct communication between ?

A

Cerebral cortex UMN and LMNs

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20
Q

Descending tracts of Corticospinal has _______ fine motor control, skilled movement

A

Voluntary

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21
Q

Brainstem upper motor neurons have _______ movements and are discriminatory

A

fine

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22
Q

Red nucleus, pontine, medullary reticular nuclei and vestibular nuclei

A

Brainstem UMN

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23
Q

UMN some go to cranial motor nuclei (LMN) and most go to?

A

spinal ventral horn (LMNS) via long descending tracts

24
Q

Extrapyramidal tract is _______

A

UMN control LMN

25
Q

_______ are examples of descending tracts associated with extrapyramidal tracts

A

Rubrospinal tract, pontine reticulospinal tract, medullary reticulospinal tract and vestibulospinal tracts

26
Q

Extrapyramidal descending tract: Key tract for voluntary movement in animals and facilitate UMN of flexors muscles

A

Rubrospinal tract

27
Q

Extrapyramidal descending tract: Facilitate LMN of extensor muscles and INHIBIT LMU of flexor muscles

A

Pontine reticulospinal tract

28
Q

Extrapyramidal descending tract: INHIBIT LMN of extensors and facilitate LMN of flexors

A

Medullary reticulospinal tract

29
Q

Extrapyramidal descending tract: Facilitate LMN of extensors and inhibit flexors

A

Vestibulospinal tracts

30
Q

Motor neuron disease (UMN and LMN)

A

Paresis, paralysis, hyporeflexia, areflexia, hypotonia, atonia, neurogenic atrophy

31
Q

Withdrawal; righting

A

Cutaneous trunci reflex

32
Q

_______ is the complete absence of volitional movement

33
Q

An involuntary, predictable, graded, patterned response that occurs when anadequate stimulus is applied (activates) to an appropriate receptor

34
Q

Reflex ARC all about the relays

A

Adequate stimulus, Appropriate receptor, Afferent fibers, CNS, Efferent fibers, Response tissue (effector), Response, Off-signal

35
Q

Tap tendon reflex

A

Adequate stimulus

36
Q

_______ is a receptor on the tendon

A

Appropriate receptor

37
Q

_______ is an example of a myotatic reflex?

A

Tendon reflex

38
Q

_______ is monosynaptic

A

Myotatic reflex

39
Q

During the myotatic reflex: Sensory neuron terminates on GSE neuron in grey column

A

Two neurons

40
Q

The femoral nerve has a myotatic reflex and is located where?

A

L4, L5, L6

41
Q

_______ nerve during a myotatic reflex activates flexors

A

Peripheral nerve

42
Q

During a flexor reflex the magnitude of the stimulus can trigger?

A

More than 1 neuron

43
Q

Reflex arc involves _______, peroneal, tibial nerves + spinal cord segments (L6 -S1)

44
Q

If i pinch the toe of a dog _______ reflex would u expect?

A

Flexor reflex (withdrawal)

45
Q

_______ is a major reflex associated with the flexor reflex

A

flexion of all joints (‘remove from stimulus”)sciatic nerve deficit (attenuated or no reflex)

46
Q

The flexor reflex also test?

A

Nociception

47
Q

Flexor reflex involves?

A

Segmental and neocortex

48
Q

Interneurons (grey matter) of the flex (withdrawal) reflex can inhibit or stimulate flexors or extensors. In this case the opposite leg _______

49
Q

Cutaneous afferent fibers from nociceptor in flexion reflex is located in _______ root?

50
Q

Cutaneous afferent fibers from nociceptor in flexion reflex is located in dorsal root and effects flexors and extensors so the stimulated leg _______

51
Q

Cutaneous truni reflex is _______

A

Panniculus

52
Q

_______ involves a large portion of spinal cord

A

Panniculus

53
Q

Panniculus: Used to help localize _______ lesion

A

thoracolumbar spinal cord

54
Q

Panniculus: Sensory stimulation is _______

A

compression of skin

55
Q

Panniculus: motor is brief contraction of _______ muscle?

A

Cutaneous trunci muscle

56
Q

Panniculus reflex sends information to the _______

A

white matter of the lateral funiculus

Physiology exam 5 (shelby) (18 decks)

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