Lecture 7: Water

Question 1

Most organisms are comprised of what % of water

Answer 1

50-90%

Question 2

How much water is in the typical human male?

Answer 2

roughly 60%

Question 3

How much water is in an obese human male?

Answer 3

45%

Question 4

how much water is in jellyfish?

Answer 4

95%

Question 5

Fat vs muslce water

Answer 5

fat = 10%
Muslce = 75%

Question 6

What is isosmotic?

Answer 6

Organism has the same water concentration as environment

Question 7

What is Hypoosmotic?

Answer 7

Organism has Higher water concentration vs environment

Question 8

What is Hyperosmotic?

Answer 8

Organism has lower water concentration vs environment

Question 9

Hypoosmotic =

Answer 9

low solute, high water

Question 10

Hyperosmotic =

Answer 10

high solute, low water

Question 11

Water budget equation for aquatic animals is….

Answer 11

Wi = Wd - Ws +/- Wo

Question 12

What is Wi

Answer 12

Internal water

Question 13

What is Wd

Answer 13

Water gained through drinking

Question 14

What is Ws

Answer 14

Water lost through secretion

Question 15

what is Wo

Answer 15

Water loss/gain through osmosis

Question 16

Most marine organism are is-osmotic, although some are Hyperosmotic. What animals are they?

Answer 16

Sharks/skates are slightly hyperosmitic

Question 17

Marine bony fish are strongly ________

Answer 17

Hypoosmotic

Question 18

Freshwater bony fish are __________

Answer 18

Hyperosmotic

• excrete excess internal water via large volumes of dilute urine
• replace salts by absorbing sodium/chloride in gilss and food.

Question 19

what is the maim idea of anadromous and Catadromous fish?

Answer 19

They acclimate to the salinity of their new environment

Question 20

What is a Anadromous fish?

Answer 20

Salmon (fresh to salt)
- cope with changes in salinity/water concentration through shifting secretion cells from

taking in salt from freshwater

to

Excreting salt in salt water.

Question 21

What is a Catadromous fish?

Answer 21

Salt to fresh water fish

Question 22

What is relative humidity?

Answer 22

The amount of water in the air.

(Water vapour density/saturation water vapor density) x 100

Question 23

What is water potential?

Answer 23

The ability of water to do work.

Rivers = high water potential.

Question 24

Favorable chemical reactions involves a decrease in _______ energy

Answer 24

Potential energy/water potential.

Question 25

Water flows from….

Answer 25

Areas of high water potential to areas of low water potential

Question 26

Water near the roots of a tree will have ___________ water potential

Answer 26

High

with it being lower as it travels up the tree.

Question 27

Water regulation in Frogs/animals:

Answer 27

Wd: drinking 
Wf: food
Wa: air 
We: evaporation 
Ws: secretion 

Wi = Wd + Wf + Wa – We – Ws

Question 28

Water regulation in plants

Answer 28

Wf: roots
Wa: air
Wt: transpiration
Ws: secretion

Wi = Wr + Wa – Wt – Ws