Lecture 7: Water Flashcards
Most organisms are comprised of what % of water
50-90%
How much water is in the typical human male?
roughly 60%
How much water is in an obese human male?
45%
how much water is in jellyfish?
95%
Fat vs muslce water
fat = 10% Muslce = 75%
What is isosmotic?
Organism has the same water concentration as environment
What is Hypoosmotic?
Organism has Higher water concentration vs environment
What is Hyperosmotic?
Organism has lower water concentration vs environment
Hypoosmotic =
low solute, high water
Hyperosmotic =
high solute, low water
Water budget equation for aquatic animals is….
Wi = Wd - Ws +/- Wo
What is Wi
Internal water
What is Wd
Water gained through drinking
What is Ws
Water lost through secretion
what is Wo
Water loss/gain through osmosis
Most marine organism are is-osmotic, although some are Hyperosmotic. What animals are they?
Sharks/skates are slightly hyperosmitic
Marine bony fish are strongly ________
Hypoosmotic
Freshwater bony fish are __________
Hyperosmotic
- excrete excess internal water via large volumes of dilute urine
- replace salts by absorbing sodium/chloride in gilss and food.
what is the maim idea of anadromous and Catadromous fish?
They acclimate to the salinity of their new environment
What is a Anadromous fish?
Salmon (fresh to salt)
- cope with changes in salinity/water concentration through shifting secretion cells from
taking in salt from freshwater
to
Excreting salt in salt water.
What is a Catadromous fish?
Salt to fresh water fish
What is relative humidity?
The amount of water in the air.
(Water vapour density/saturation water vapor density) x 100
What is water potential?
The ability of water to do work.
Rivers = high water potential.
Favorable chemical reactions involves a decrease in _______ energy
Potential energy/water potential.
Water flows from….
Areas of high water potential to areas of low water potential
Water near the roots of a tree will have ___________ water potential
High
with it being lower as it travels up the tree.
Water regulation in Frogs/animals:
Wd: drinking Wf: food Wa: air We: evaporation Ws: secretion
Wi = Wd + Wf + Wa – We – Ws
Water regulation in plants
Wf: roots
Wa: air
Wt: transpiration
Ws: secretion
Wi = Wr + Wa – Wt – Ws
