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Bio 208 > Lecture 12 > Flashcards

Lecture 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is life history?

A

Adaptations of organisms that influence aspects of their biology such as the following:

  • Body size
  • Survival
  • Age at reproduction maturity
  • number of offspring being produced.
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2
Q

What is the principle of allocation?

A

The amount of every available to each organism is limited

And when it is allocated to one function, it reduces the energy available for other functions.

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3
Q

What is an Energy Budget?

A

The need to allocate energy between and within parts of the energy budget.

(understand the Pie graph on slide 5 - lecture 13)

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4
Q

Trade offs within reproductive budget could include….

A

Offspring size and number

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5
Q

Trade offs between reproduction and other activities could include….

A

Survival and reproductive effort.

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6
Q

What is Maturity?

A

The age of 1st reproduction.

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7
Q

What is Parity?

A

The number of reproductive episodes an organism has

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8
Q

What is a Semelparity?

A

Only reproduces once

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9
Q

What is Iteroperity?

A

Reproduces annually.

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10
Q

What is Fecundity?

A

The number of offspring produced per reproductive episode.

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11
Q

What is Aging/senescence?

A

The organisms survival and lifespans

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12
Q

True or false

Not all combinations of life history are possiable.

A

True

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13
Q

What is Fecundity?

A

Number of offspring produced by organisums.

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14
Q

If you have very low likelihood of dying in a year, what could we expect the Fecundity of this organisum to be?

A

We can expect it to lower, as you can have more offspring over a long period of time.

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15
Q

What is the relationship between offspring and Fecundity

A

You always want to have the highest Fecundity as per your expected lifespand

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16
Q

What is Allometry?

A

The study of scaling between body size and various biological functions including but nit limited to:

  • Shape
  • Anatomy
  • physiology
  • behavior
17
Q

What is the most understood allometric relationship?

A

Body size & body weight.

18
Q

What is a well researched allometic relationship

A

The trade-off of offspring size & number of offspring.

19
Q

True or false:

The bigger the female fish, the more eggs they can produce. Although those eggs will be much smaller.

A

True

There is a trade off between number of eggs and the size of the egg.

20
Q

What is Gene flow?

A

The transfer of genetic variation from one population to another.

21
Q

Within Darter fish, what influences gene flow?

A

The degree of gene flow.

Smaller eggs have a longer larval phase, and thus physically drift further. interacting with other communities.

22
Q

Trade off within plants for offspring size and number

A

With a number of flowering plants, the number of seeds produced is negatively affected by the mass of the seed.

The more seeds, the smaller they are.

23
Q

What are the major trade-offs between survival and reproduction?

A

The relationship is allometric.

If you have survival you have low rates of dying and vis versa

24
Q

As your level of survival increase, what happens to your age of maturity?

A

It drifts to a older age.

If you are likely to live, you will reproduce later.

If you are likely to die, you will reproduce sooner.

25
Q

Coho salmon males have a variety of life history strategies, whereas females have a very set pattern.

What are the strategies of the males?

A
  • (hooknose) Males cold mature after 18 months in the ocean and then travel up river and spawn
  • They could be a “jack” being a much smaller fish. Having only spent 6 months in the ocean then traveling up river. This allows them to interact with females from the previos year.
26
Q

Know the chart on Slide 14 of this lecture (13 om eclass)

A

Know this Graph, for K and R selcetions

27
Q

What is a R?

A

Rate of population growth.

28
Q

What is a K?

A

How large of a population that can be sustained.

29
Q

R-selected species would live in hat kind of environment?

A

Destructive environments

  • High population turn around
  • get in fast and reproduce
  • high early population growth rate
30
Q

K-Selected species would live in what kind of enviorment?

A

Stable
- high competitive ability
- in for the long run, and want to stay.
reproduce later, over many episodes within life-cycle.

31
Q

What is Grime’s triangle?

A

life history within a plants cycle.

It goes off of the relationship between the level of stress and the level of disturbance and the volume of competition around them.

32
Q

What are the four categories within Grime’s triangle?

A

(Slide 15 please review)

33
Q

What is the last Life history chart?

A

Relationship between

  • Fecundity
  • surviorship of juvinials

Bio 208 (21 decks)

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