lecture 15: Modeling populations

Question 1

What are the four main factors that influence population structure?

Answer 1

• Mortality/Survival rates
• Age distribution
• Sex ratio
• Dispersal

Question 2

What are the two main Life tables used when modeling populations?

Answer 2

Cohort tables

Static Life Tables.

Question 3

What is the purpose of Models?

Answer 3

Describe ecological processes

Question 4

What way are models often presented?

Answer 4

Usually, but not always presented quantitative

Question 5

What can cause population growth?

Answer 5

Births & Immigration

Question 6

What can cause Population loss?

Answer 6

Emigration & deaths

Question 7

What is Birth?

Answer 7

Any process that produces new individuals in a given population.

Question 8

What are 5 examples of birth?

Answer 8

• Laying eggs
• Birthing live young
• Seed production
• Shoot production (asexual)
• Cell division. (asexual)

Question 9

What is death?

Answer 9

The loss of life within a population that is caused by:

• old age
• disease
• lack of resources
• predation

Question 10

Why is it often better to look at per capita data for population growth assumptions?

Answer 10

It gives you a more realistic representation of how the population dynamic changes, as it looks at the population on a individual level.

Question 11

What is a Density Dependent factor?

Answer 11

A factor that is influenced by population density.

Question 12

What is an example of a Density Dependent Factor?

Answer 12

Competitors
Predators
Disease

Question 13

What is an example of a Density Dependent Factor?

Answer 13

Competitors
Predators
Disease

Question 14

What is a Density-independent factor?

Answer 14

A factor that will not vary with population density

Question 15

What is a Density independent factor?

Answer 15

Floods

Extreme temperatures

Question 16

Will a Density-independent or Density Dependent graph with two parallel lines.

With the top being Birth and the bottom being death.

Answer 16

Density independent.

Question 17

Will a Density-independent or Density Dependent graph with two intercepting lines?

Answer 17

Density dependent.

Question 18

Using a ____ and a _____ is it possible to estimate the rates of change in a population.

Answer 18

Life table

Fecundity schedule

Question 19

What is a fecundity schedule?

Answer 19

A tabulation of birthrates for females of different ages in population.

Question 20

Using a life table and fecundity schedule, what can you predict?

Answer 20

Net reproductive rate

Geometric rates of increase

Generation time

Per Capita rate of increase

Question 21

What is Net Reproductive rate?

Answer 21

Average number of offspring produced by an individual in a population

Question 22

What is Geometric rate of increase?

Answer 22

The Ratio of the popular size at two points at the same time,

Question 23

What is generation time?

Answer 23

The average age within a population at which a female gives birth to her offspring.

Can be greater than age of first reproduction in female reproduces more than once

Question 24

What is per capita rate of increase?

Answer 24

Equal to per capita birthrate minus per capita death rate.

Births - deaths.