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Bio 208 > Lecture 6: Temperature. > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Temperature. Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a Microclimate?

A

Going into the shade on a hot day.

Climate altered by environment.

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2
Q

What is a Macro climate?

A

Local weather, patterns, historical climates

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3
Q

What is the Microclimate?

A

Macroclimate + enviorment = Microclmiate

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4
Q

What are Northen Aspects?

A

Face north, shaded in northern hemisphere

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5
Q

What are southern aspects

A

Face south, shaded in the southern hemisphere.

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6
Q

True or false?

Landscape influences microclimate in the form of Altitude and aspects

A

True

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7
Q

True or false:

Vegetation has no effect on Microclimate

A

False

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8
Q

True or false:

Surface color has large impacts on microclimate

A

True

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9
Q

Darker colors absorb more light making them….

A

Warmer

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10
Q

Light colours reflect more light making them….

A

Cooler

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11
Q

What is Albedo?

A

The reflective of a landscape

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12
Q

True or false:

Boulders and burrow make large impacts on microclimate

A

True

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13
Q

What is the role of under rocks in microclimate?

A

Warmer than surroundings

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14
Q

What is the role of burrows in the microclimate?

A

More moderate (stable) than surroundings.

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15
Q

True or false:

Water temperatures in marine/aquatic ecosystems fluctuate much less than air temperature on land.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the role in specific heat capasity in the aquatic ecosystem?

A

Water is great at absorbing heat energy without changing temperature

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17
Q

What is the role of Latent heat of vaporization in the aquatic ecosystem?

A

Heat is absorbed by water as it evaporates

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18
Q

What is the role of Latent heat of fusion in the aquatic ecosystem?

A

Water gives up heat energy as it freezes.

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19
Q

What effect dose temperature have in Photosynthetic rate?

A

extreme Temp’s (very hot & very cold) usually reduces photosynthetic rate .

Dependent on the plant spceices

20
Q

What is the principle of Allocation?

A
  • The amount of energy available to each organism is limited
  • When energy is allocated to one function, it reduces the energy available for other functions
  • Too energetically costly to have anatomical, physiological, and behavioral traits requires to live in all environments
21
Q

What dose the principle of allocation have to do with evolutionary trade off’s?

A

Adapting to one set f environmental conditions generally reduce fitness in other environments or conditions

22
Q

What is the range of tolerance & performance?

A

Organisms perform best within a narrow range of conditions

the result of how an organism has allocated energy to thrive in a cretin environment

23
Q

What happens when an organism is in less than optional conditions?

A

they can:

  1. die
  2. Migrate
  3. Acclimate
  4. Adapt
24
Q

What is Acclimation?

A

Physiological changes in response to changes in the environmental (Temp, Ph, Humidity). Generally reversible as conditions change

  • temporary
25
Q

What is adaptation?

A

An evolutionary process that changes anatomy, physiology, or behavior on a genetic level. Not reversible

  • permanent
26
Q

True or false:

it is of the upmost importance for an organism to balance their heat loss and heat gain

A

True

27
Q

What is the equation for total heat stored?

A

Hs = Hm +/- Hcd +/- Hcv +/- Hr – He

28
Q

What is Hs?

A

Total heat stored

29
Q

What is Hm?

A

Metabolic heat

30
Q

What is Hcd?

A

conduction

31
Q

What is Hcv?

A

convction

32
Q

What is Hr?

A

Radiation

33
Q

What is He?

A

Evaporation

34
Q

What is a Poikilotherm?

A

Body temperature varies with environment

35
Q

What is a Homeotherm?

A

Body Temperature relatively constant regardless of environment.

36
Q

What are Ectotherms?

A

Control body temperature using external energy.

37
Q

What are Endotherms?

A

Control body temperature using internal energy.

38
Q

Why would an animal want to be a endotherm?

A

Allows organisms to live in environments in which the average temperature is lower than their body temperature.

39
Q

What is the general rule of ectotherms?

A

Cold? Go into the sun

Warm? get out of the sun.

40
Q

What is the heat balance of arctic plants?

A

Decrease convective cooling (Hcv)

Increase recitative heating (Hr)

41
Q

What is the heat balance of desert plants?

A

Decrease conductive heating (Hcd)

Decrease radative heating (Hr)

42
Q

What is the internal body temp of humans?

A

37.5 C

43
Q

How do endotherms maintain body temp?

A

They regulate their metabolic rate to control body heat.

44
Q

How do ectotherms maintain body heat?

A

Primarily through behavioral adaptations as well as some physiological changes (frozen phrogs)

Hcd
Hcv
Hr

45
Q

Its not the heat that kills you, it is….

A

Dehydration.

Increases in temperature outside of an organism tolerance will lead to increased water loss and further death.

Bio 208 (21 decks)

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