Lecture 7: Epithelial glands

Question 1

Exocrine glands

Answer 1

The epithelial down growth may remain connected to the epithelial layer from which it originated

Question 2

Endocrine glands

Answer 2

The epithelial down growth may degenerate, leaving the secretory tissue isolated from its parent epithelial layer

Question 3

Paracrine

Answer 3

Secretion affects neighboring cells

i.e. growth factor

Question 4

Autocrine

Answer 4

Secretion affects the cell that released the secretory product
i.e. IL-2 secreted by T cells

Question 5

____ ______ glands do not exhibit ductal branching

Answer 5

simple multicellular

Question 6

___ ______ glands have ductal branching

Answer 6

compound multicellular

Question 7

Shapes of secretory portion of glands

Answer 7

Tubular (straight, coiled and branched)
Alveolar
Tubuloalveolar

Question 8

Types of simple multicellular glands

Answer 8

Tubular
Coiled
Tubular branched
Acinar/alveolar

Question 9

Types of compound (branched) multicellular glands

Answer 9

Branched tubular
Branched alveolar
Branched tubulaveolar

Question 10

Types of secretion

Answer 10

Serous (parotid)
Mucous
Mixed (serous-mucous) (submandibular, sublingual)

Question 11

Merocrine gland

Answer 11

Secretory product is stored in membrane bound vesicles, cytoplasm is retrieved in exocytosis/endocytosis cycle

Question 12

Apocrine gland

Answer 12

Apical cytoplasm is released with secretory product (axillary sweat glands)

Question 13

Holocrine gland

Answer 13

Entire cell is released as part of secretory product (sebaceous glands)

Question 14

Compound gland is a multicellular gland divided into

Answer 14

Subunits called lobules (each lobule is equivalent to a simple branched gland)

Question 15

Parenchyma

Answer 15

Highly cellular. The components of the gland derived from epithelium (secretory units and ducts) comprise the parenchyma

Question 16

Stroma

Answer 16

Less cellular. Connective tissue capsule surrounding entire gland as well as the CT partitions separating the lobules

Question 17

Connective tissue partitions separating lobes and lobules are called

Answer 17

Septa or trabeculae. Interlobar septae and interlobular septae, respectively.

Question 18

Lobe

Answer 18

Subdivision of a compound gland separated from adjacent lobes by septae

Question 19

Lobule

Answer 19

Subdivision of a lobe separated by delicate septae.

Question 20

Acinus (acini) are the ? Secretion can be? Outer surface is surrounded by?

Answer 20

Secretory components of a lobule. Can be serous, mucous or mixed. Outer surface surrounded by basement membrane

Question 21

Myoepithelial cells are found where

Answer 21

Found between basement membrane and the secretory cells of the acinus

Question 22

Myoepithelial cell function and characteristic

Answer 22

Derived from epithelium, characterized by extensive actin bundles resulting in contractility

Question 23

Intralobular duct location and types

Answer 23

Ducts that lie within a lobule

Intercalated or striated

Question 24

Intercalated duct function and epithelial type

Answer 24

Drain the secretory acini, involved in bicarbonate/chloride ion exchange. lined by low cuboidal epithelium

Question 25

Striated duct function and epithelial typle

Answer 25

Line by cuboidal–>columnar epithelium with basal striations for active transport. Actively absorb sodium/secrete potassium

Question 26

Interlobular ducts formation/location/epithelial cell type

Answer 26

Formed by confluence of two or more striated ducts, found in septae between adjacent lobules.
Pseudostratified columnar

Question 27

Intralobar ducts formation/epithelial cell type

Answer 27

Formed by confluence of two or more interlobular ducts

Lined with columnar–>stratified columnar epithelium