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Histology > Lecture 23: GI histology I > Flashcards

Lecture 23: GI histology I Flashcards

1
Q

Difference b/w cheek and lip epithelium

A

Cheek has abundant elastic fibers in submucosa

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2
Q

What forms the enamel organ

A

Ectoderm

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3
Q

What forms dental papilla, what does the dental papilla form

A

Neural crest and mesoderm

Dental papilla forms dentin, cementum and pulp

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4
Q

Tooth formation- epithelial bud becomes the

A

Enamel organ

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5
Q

Tooth formation- enamel organ caps the

A

Dental pipilla

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6
Q

Odontoblasts do what

A

Form the dentin matrix

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7
Q

Ameloblasts do what

A

Form enamel

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8
Q

Cementum and dental sac

A

Cells of dental sac differentiate into cementoblasts which deposit cementum onto the previously secreted dentin

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9
Q

Periodontal membrane

A

CT formed from dental sac
Highly metabolic
Binds cementum to bony socket
Absorbs pressures of mastication and prevents damage to alveolar bone

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10
Q

Sulcus terminalis

A

Separates the anterior two-thirds of the tongue from the posterior third

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11
Q

Filiform papillae

A

Most numerous of all papillae
Evenly distributed over entire oral upper portion
Lacks taste buds

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12
Q

Fungiform papillae

A

Relatively few in number
Interspersed singly among the parallel rows of filiform papillae
Taste buds only present on the oral surface of epithelium

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13
Q

Foliate papillae

A

Developed in lower animals, not much in humans

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14
Q

Circumvallate papillae

A

Located along sulcus terminalis as projection surrounded by a moat
Taste buds present on lateral walls

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15
Q

Sustenacular cells

A

Support cells arranged like barrel to surround the inner taste pore at the base

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16
Q

Taste cells

A

Apical microvilli with taste receptors

Basal part of cell releases neurotransmitters

17
Q

Mucosa of digestive tube

A

Innermost layer
Stratified squamous–> simple columnar epithelium
-Lamina propria
-Muscularis mucosa

18
Q

Submucosa of digestive tube

A

Vascularized

Contains Meissners nerve plexus (submucosal plexus)

19
Q

Muscularis externa structure

A 
Contains inner (circular) and outer (longitudinal) layers of smooth muscle
Myenteric (Auerbachs) nerve plexus lies between these two layers of muscle tissue
20
Q

Muscularis externa function

A

Regulate size of the lumen (circular layer of smooth muscle)

Regulate rhythmic movement of GI tract (longitudinal layer of smooth muscle)

21
Q

Outermost layer digestive tube

A

Serosa- forms visceral peritoneum which covers intraperitoneal portions of abdominal organs
Adventitia- covers retroperitoneal portions of digestive system

22
Q

Gut wall sympathetic innervation

A

Sympathetic postganglionic fibers pass through gut wall to glands and smooth muscle

23
Q

Gut wall parasympathetic innervation

A

Preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in ganglia within the gut wall itself
Meissners plexus-regulates secretion, absorption etc..
Auerbachs plexus- coordinates muscular activity of gut wall

24
Q

First line of defense in gut associated lymphoid tissue

A

IgA is the first line of defense, it is found coating the luminal surface of the mucosal epithelium

25
Q

Muscularis externa transition

A

Undergoes transition from skeletal muscle in the upper third to a mixture of skeletal/smooth muscle in middle third to smooth muscle only in lower third

26
Q

Esophagus to stomach epithelial transition

A

Transitions from stratified squamous in esophagus to simple columnar in stomach

27
Q

Rugae

A

Longitudinal mucosal folds that are most prominent in an empty stomach

28
Q

Cardia contains

A

Mostly mucous glands

Glands have a coiled lower end

29
Q

Fundus contains

A

Gastric glands

-mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells, stem cells, enteroendocrine cells

30
Q

Body contains

A

Gastric glands

31
Q

Pylorus contains

A

Mucous glands and hormone secreting enteroendocrine cells

32
Q

Chief cells

A

Zymogenic cells

Secrete pepsinogen

33
Q

Parietal cells

A

Oxyntic cells

Secrete HCl and intrinsic factor (IF is for absorption of vitamin B)

34
Q

Enteroendocrine cells

A

Diffuse neuroendocrine cells that secrete hormones

Histology (24 decks)

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