Lecture 6 - Kaitiakanga

Question 1

Kaitiakitanga meaning

Answer 1

Guardianship, stewardship,
trusteeship, trustee

Kai = added to verbs to
express some kind of action;
denoting human agent

Tiaki = (verb) to care for, guard, protect, to keep watch over, shelter —> focus on care of place

Question 2

Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998

Answer 2

• At a time when the government was first starting to reconcile with Māori

-First statue recognising the world of Ngai Tahu = recognition/ personification of Māori world view which is embedded in the environment

-This world view is different to the colonial view and previously had been suppressed by colonism+ legalization so was a huge moment!

Question 3

Other examples of legislation change to recognise Māori world view

Answer 3

-Nga Wai o Maniapoto (Waipa River) Act 2012

-Te Urewera Act 2014

We are being to grow understanding of the landscape through Māori eyes i.e. the legislation changed to recognise the mana of the place.

Question 4

Whanaungatanga – kinship

Answer 4

-the defining principle.

-Informs human relationships with physical & spiritual world.

• Means: extended family, relationships, responsibilities

-whakapapa (genealogy)

-“The glue that holds the Māori world together

Question 5

Ellis v R, Supreme Court, 2022

Answer 5

Recognizes : Tikanga was the first law & continues to regulate Māori; are enforceable rights in NZ
law (i.e. applies to wider NZ not just Māori e.g. rahui)

Question 6

Bastion point

Answer 6

• Historic land march
• Helped pave the way for Māori views to be incorporated in legislation

Question 7

Resource management act

Answer 7

• Mostly fails Māori e.g. river/ water protection
• Usually corporate interests win out

Question 8

National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management 2020

Answer 8

• Understanding from a Māori perspective stands now as the national policy
• First priority is the health/ mauri of the water, then for human health i.e. drinking water, then for consumption

Question 9

He PuaPua

Answer 9

• Wanted to enlarge the tino rangatiratanga sphere i.e. the iwi/ hapu influence for the care of water
  —> Instead of the Crown (Kawanatanga) dominating
• Highly controversial

Question 10

Te Urewera Act, 2014

Answer 10

-Legal recognition of the Whanganui river as a person

-Means that can speak for and on behalf of nature in the courtroom i.e.

-Gives more protection over the land so what is best for the land is down (i.e. protected from exploitation)

-Recognizes the Māori world view that the health of people is tied intimately to the health of the land.