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HISTO > Lecture 6: Cartilage and Bone > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Cartilage and Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What are key features of cartilage tissue?

A
  • capsule of lacunae
  • isoneous groups
  • territorial matrix
  • interterritorial matrix
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2
Q

Hyaline cartilage is composed of what kind of collagen?

A

Type II

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3
Q

What are two sources that chrondrocytes can be formed from?

A
  1. Other chondrocytes

2. Perichondrium

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4
Q

What characteristic of cartilage makes it largely unable to heal?

A

It is avascular

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5
Q

What type of cartilage does not have a prescence of perichondrium?

A

Fibro cartilage

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6
Q

What type of cartilage is found in the epiglottis and larynx?

A

Elastic cartilage

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7
Q

The symphis pubis is made of what type of cartilage?

A

Fibro cartilage

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8
Q

The rib cage consists of what type of cartilage?

A

hyaline

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9
Q

What type of cartilage does not exhibit calcification?

A

Elastic cartilage

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10
Q

What are the four bone shapes?

A
  1. Long (femur)
  2. Irregular (pelvis)
  3. Short (carpals)
  4. Flat (parietal bone from skull)
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11
Q

What is at the center of an osteon?

A

Haversian canal

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12
Q

What are the outward striations of an osteon?

A

Lamellae

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13
Q

Where are 3 places osteoprogenitor cells are found?

A

Inner layer of periosteum
Endosteum
Lines haversian and volkmann’s canal

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14
Q

What do osteoblast secrete?

A

Collagen, vesicles containing phosphatase and other ground substance.

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15
Q

What is an osteocyte?

A

a mature bone cell

**Completely surrounded by and maintains a bone matrix

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16
Q

what is a osteoclast?

A

A multinucleated acidophilic cell – responsible for bone reabsorption

17
Q

What increases osteoclast activity? Descreases?

A

PTH increases
Calcitonin decrease
(calcium release)

18
Q

What are two mechanisms for bone formation?

A
  1. Intramembranous ossification

2. Endochondral ossification

19
Q

What cells removes Ca+ from blood?

A

osteoblast - make bones

20
Q

How does PTH control blood Ca?

A

It increase calcium release and increases calcium reabsorption from urine in the kidneys

21
Q

Achondroplasia Dwarfism

A

Mutation of FGFR3 gene –> impedes growth of cartilage in long bones

22
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Large holes in bone

23
Q

Vitamin A excess and deficiency

A

Excess –> brittle bone

Deficiency –> suppressed endochondral growth

24
Q

Scurvy is caused by lack of what vitamin?

A

Vitamin C

25
Q

Most common primary bone tumor

A

Malignant Mesenchymal Tumor

26
Q

What is fibrodysplasia ossificans progessiva?

A

Muscles and cartilage turn into bone.

HISTO (13 decks)

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