Lecture 6: Cartilage and Bone Flashcards
What are key features of cartilage tissue?
- capsule of lacunae
- isoneous groups
- territorial matrix
- interterritorial matrix
Hyaline cartilage is composed of what kind of collagen?
Type II
What are two sources that chrondrocytes can be formed from?
- Other chondrocytes
2. Perichondrium
What characteristic of cartilage makes it largely unable to heal?
It is avascular
What type of cartilage does not have a prescence of perichondrium?
Fibro cartilage
What type of cartilage is found in the epiglottis and larynx?
Elastic cartilage
The symphis pubis is made of what type of cartilage?
Fibro cartilage
The rib cage consists of what type of cartilage?
hyaline
What type of cartilage does not exhibit calcification?
Elastic cartilage
What are the four bone shapes?
- Long (femur)
- Irregular (pelvis)
- Short (carpals)
- Flat (parietal bone from skull)
What is at the center of an osteon?
Haversian canal
What are the outward striations of an osteon?
Lamellae
Where are 3 places osteoprogenitor cells are found?
Inner layer of periosteum
Endosteum
Lines haversian and volkmann’s canal
What do osteoblast secrete?
Collagen, vesicles containing phosphatase and other ground substance.
What is an osteocyte?
a mature bone cell
**Completely surrounded by and maintains a bone matrix
what is a osteoclast?
A multinucleated acidophilic cell – responsible for bone reabsorption
What increases osteoclast activity? Descreases?
PTH increases
Calcitonin decrease
(calcium release)
What are two mechanisms for bone formation?
- Intramembranous ossification
2. Endochondral ossification
What cells removes Ca+ from blood?
osteoblast - make bones
How does PTH control blood Ca?
It increase calcium release and increases calcium reabsorption from urine in the kidneys
Achondroplasia Dwarfism
Mutation of FGFR3 gene –> impedes growth of cartilage in long bones
Osteoporosis
Large holes in bone
Vitamin A excess and deficiency
Excess –> brittle bone
Deficiency –> suppressed endochondral growth
Scurvy is caused by lack of what vitamin?
Vitamin C
Most common primary bone tumor
Malignant Mesenchymal Tumor
What is fibrodysplasia ossificans progessiva?
Muscles and cartilage turn into bone.
