lecture 6: Animals II Flashcards

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1
Q

basal animals have …

A

general derived traits

lack more specific derived traits present in most animals

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2
Q

porifera

A

basal metazoa

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3
Q

cnidaria

A

basal emuetozoa

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4
Q

Phylum Porifera

A
  • basal metazons

- mutlticelluar, least complex animals that have spores

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5
Q

sponge morphology

A
  • simple sponges - some are more complex

- osculum: open end

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6
Q

spongooceol: central cavity

A
  • water moves through, food is filtered out

- not a digestive cavity - digestion in intracellular

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7
Q

choanocytes

A
  • flagellated collar cells of the microvilli, lines spongocoel
  • feeding cells of sponges, ingests bacteria, food particles
  • very similar to choanoflagellates
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8
Q

phylum cnidaria

A
  • basal eumetazoans
  • true tissues
  • raidal symmetry
  • diploblastic
  • thin ( 2 layers) gastrovascular cavity ( circulation etc)
  • cnidocytes: specialized stinging cells, unique to cnidaria
  • mostly saltwater environments
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9
Q

porifera - basal metazoans

A
  • no tissue, no symmetry
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10
Q

cnidaria - basal metazoans

A
  • raidal symmetry, diploplasts
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11
Q

bilateria ( shared derived traits)

A
  • bilateral symmetry
  • triplobasty
  • coelom or derivative ( most)
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12
Q

protosome

A
  1. diverse, paraphyletic group, ancetral devlopment traits
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13
Q

deuterostomes

A

monophyletic group, derived devlopment traits

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14
Q

lophotrochozoa clade

A
  • group based on DNA
  • named for derived traits of SOME members
  • ancestral traits from bilateria ancestor:
    • bilateral symmetry
    • triploblasty
    • protostome devlopment ( some have have deutrostome pattern)
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15
Q

phylum platyhelminthes

A
  • dorsoventrally flattened
  • acoelomate ( dervided trait)
  • free-living or parasitic
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16
Q

phylum rotifera

A
  • freshwater/marine, ddamp soil
  • very small - 50 um to 2mm - smaller than protists
  • corona: crown of cilia at anterior end
  • pseudocoelomates
17
Q

phylum Mollusca

A
  • coelomates, 3 main body parts
  • mantle: thin sheet of tissue covering visceral mass
  • often secretes calcium carbonate shell
18
Q

visceral mass

A

main body mass, contains viscera (internal organs)

19
Q

foot

A

structure for locomotion

20
Q

radula

A
  • belt of teeth in mouth area
  • scrapes up food
  • absent from bivalves
21
Q

major mollusk clades

A
  • gastropods - “stomach-foot”
  • bivalves - “two shells”
  • cephalopods - “head- foot”
22
Q

phylum annelida

A
  • little rings
  • repeated segmentation
  • body wall, coelom, many organs divided into segments
  • marine, freshwater, soil
23
Q

ecdysozoa clade ( not a phllum, shared dervied traits)

A
  • ecdysis: morlting- shed external coating during growth
  • from bilateria ancestor
    • bilateral symmetry
    • triploblasty
    • protostome developments ( some deuterstome pattern)
24
Q

phylum nematoda

A
  1. round worms
  2. body covered in cuticle
  3. pseudocoelomates (derived)
  4. aquatic, soil, parasatic
  5. heartworm, trichinosis
25
Q

phylum anthropoid

A
  1. joint-foot
  2. largest phylum by # species (contains insects)
  3. coelomates
  4. often have deuterostome development traits
26
Q

anthropod structure

A
  • segmented bodies
  • often 3 parts - head, thorax ( legs & wings), abdomen
  • derived: joint appendages - often modified - motillity, feeding, sensory
27
Q

derived: exoskeleton

A
  • chitin and protien
  • jointed
  • covers entire body
  • functions: protection, present desiccation, muscle attachment
  • costs: limits growth ( must molt to grow